Potentially toxic metals in irrigation water, soil, and vegetables and their health risks using Monte Carlo models

Abstract Food safety has become a serious global concern because of the accumulation of potentially toxic metals (PTMs) in crops cultivated on contaminated agricultural soils. Amongst these toxic elements, arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), and lead (Pb) receive worldwide attention because o...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Muyiwa Michael Orosun, Samuel Nwabachili, Reem F. Alshehri, Maxwell Omeje, Ibtehaj F. Alshdoukhi, Hussein K. Okoro, Clement O. Ogunkunle, Hitler Louis, Fakoya A. Abdulhamid, Stephen Erhonmonsele Osahon, Adamu Usman Mohammed, Emmanuel Olusegun Ehinlafa, Sodiq Omotayo Yunus, Oluwatobi Ife-Adediran
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2023-12-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-48489-4