The effect of repeated coffee mouth rinsing and caffeinated gum consumption on aerobic capacity and explosive power of table tennis players: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study
Background Athletes require proper nutrition to enhance training and performance. Studies indicate that alternative sources of caffeine, such as caffeinated chewing gum, mouth rinses, energy gels, and coffee can improve performance. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of consuming caffeina...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition |
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| Online Access: | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/15502783.2024.2340556 |
| _version_ | 1826937084824256512 |
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| author | Azam Farmani Mohammad Hemmatinafar Maryam Koushkie Jahromi Sepideh Pirmohammadi Babak Imanian Zeinab Jahan |
| author_facet | Azam Farmani Mohammad Hemmatinafar Maryam Koushkie Jahromi Sepideh Pirmohammadi Babak Imanian Zeinab Jahan |
| author_sort | Azam Farmani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background Athletes require proper nutrition to enhance training and performance. Studies indicate that alternative sources of caffeine, such as caffeinated chewing gum, mouth rinses, energy gels, and coffee can improve performance. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of consuming caffeinated gum (CG) and repeated coffee mouth rinsing (CMR) on professional male table tennis players’ aerobic capacity and explosive power.Method A randomized, cross-over, placebo-controlled, and double-blinded study was conducted with eighteen male table tennis players (Age: 21.86 ± 2.40 yr, Height: 173.80 ± 6.88 cm, Weight: 61.81 ± 10.32 kg). In each test session, the participants were randomly placed in one of the three conditions including i) Chewing caffeinated gum (CG, n = 6), ii) Coffee mouth rinsing (CMR, n = 6), iii) Starch capsule as a placebo (PLA, n = 6). All participants consumed caffeine with an average dose of ∼3 to 4.5 mg·kg−1. Also, a one-week interval was considered a washout period for each condition. First, the participants were given the required supplement and performed functional tests such as throwing medicine balls and Sargent’s jump tests. Then, the maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max), time to exhaustion (TTE), oxygen consumption equivalent at primary ventilatory threshold (VO2 at VT1), and oxygen consumption equivalent at respiratory compensation point (VO2 at RCP) were measured during the Bruce test. All data were analyzed using SPSS Windows software, repeated measure analysis ANOVA, and Bonferroni post hoc tests at p < 0.05.Results The current study’s findings illustrated that TTE significantly increased in CG (p = 0.000) and CMR (p = 0.012) conditions compared to PLA, but no significant difference was observed between CMR and CG (p = 1.00). VO2 at VT1 was significantly higher in CG (p = 0.004) and CMR (p = 0.000) compared to PLA; however, no significant difference was observed between CMR and CG (p = 0.335). VO2 at RCP increased significantly in CG (p = 0.000) and CMR (p = 0.000) compared to the PLA condition, and despite this, no significant difference was observed between CG and CMR (p = 1.000). Nevertheless, there were no significant differences between the three conditions in VO2max, throwing a medicine ball, and Sarjent’s jump height.Conclusion The study found that CMR and CG had a relatively positive impact on male table tennis players’ aerobic capacity; however, they did not significantly improve their explosive power. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T11:11:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-34e049063b6345b5a49d48f96aebaa15 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1550-2783 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-02-17T18:33:34Z |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
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| series | Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj.art-34e049063b6345b5a49d48f96aebaa152024-12-12T06:10:57ZengTaylor & Francis GroupJournal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition1550-27832024-12-0121110.1080/15502783.2024.2340556The effect of repeated coffee mouth rinsing and caffeinated gum consumption on aerobic capacity and explosive power of table tennis players: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover studyAzam Farmani0Mohammad Hemmatinafar1Maryam Koushkie Jahromi2Sepideh Pirmohammadi3Babak Imanian4Zeinab Jahan5Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, IranDepartment of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, IranDepartment of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, IranDepartment of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, IranDepartment of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, IranDepartment of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, IranBackground Athletes require proper nutrition to enhance training and performance. Studies indicate that alternative sources of caffeine, such as caffeinated chewing gum, mouth rinses, energy gels, and coffee can improve performance. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of consuming caffeinated gum (CG) and repeated coffee mouth rinsing (CMR) on professional male table tennis players’ aerobic capacity and explosive power.Method A randomized, cross-over, placebo-controlled, and double-blinded study was conducted with eighteen male table tennis players (Age: 21.86 ± 2.40 yr, Height: 173.80 ± 6.88 cm, Weight: 61.81 ± 10.32 kg). In each test session, the participants were randomly placed in one of the three conditions including i) Chewing caffeinated gum (CG, n = 6), ii) Coffee mouth rinsing (CMR, n = 6), iii) Starch capsule as a placebo (PLA, n = 6). All participants consumed caffeine with an average dose of ∼3 to 4.5 mg·kg−1. Also, a one-week interval was considered a washout period for each condition. First, the participants were given the required supplement and performed functional tests such as throwing medicine balls and Sargent’s jump tests. Then, the maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max), time to exhaustion (TTE), oxygen consumption equivalent at primary ventilatory threshold (VO2 at VT1), and oxygen consumption equivalent at respiratory compensation point (VO2 at RCP) were measured during the Bruce test. All data were analyzed using SPSS Windows software, repeated measure analysis ANOVA, and Bonferroni post hoc tests at p < 0.05.Results The current study’s findings illustrated that TTE significantly increased in CG (p = 0.000) and CMR (p = 0.012) conditions compared to PLA, but no significant difference was observed between CMR and CG (p = 1.00). VO2 at VT1 was significantly higher in CG (p = 0.004) and CMR (p = 0.000) compared to PLA; however, no significant difference was observed between CMR and CG (p = 0.335). VO2 at RCP increased significantly in CG (p = 0.000) and CMR (p = 0.000) compared to the PLA condition, and despite this, no significant difference was observed between CG and CMR (p = 1.000). Nevertheless, there were no significant differences between the three conditions in VO2max, throwing a medicine ball, and Sarjent’s jump height.Conclusion The study found that CMR and CG had a relatively positive impact on male table tennis players’ aerobic capacity; however, they did not significantly improve their explosive power.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/15502783.2024.2340556Caffeinecaffeinated gumcoffee mouth rinsingaerobic capacitytime to exhaustiontable tennis |
| spellingShingle | Azam Farmani Mohammad Hemmatinafar Maryam Koushkie Jahromi Sepideh Pirmohammadi Babak Imanian Zeinab Jahan The effect of repeated coffee mouth rinsing and caffeinated gum consumption on aerobic capacity and explosive power of table tennis players: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition Caffeine caffeinated gum coffee mouth rinsing aerobic capacity time to exhaustion table tennis |
| title | The effect of repeated coffee mouth rinsing and caffeinated gum consumption on aerobic capacity and explosive power of table tennis players: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study |
| title_full | The effect of repeated coffee mouth rinsing and caffeinated gum consumption on aerobic capacity and explosive power of table tennis players: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study |
| title_fullStr | The effect of repeated coffee mouth rinsing and caffeinated gum consumption on aerobic capacity and explosive power of table tennis players: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study |
| title_full_unstemmed | The effect of repeated coffee mouth rinsing and caffeinated gum consumption on aerobic capacity and explosive power of table tennis players: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study |
| title_short | The effect of repeated coffee mouth rinsing and caffeinated gum consumption on aerobic capacity and explosive power of table tennis players: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study |
| title_sort | effect of repeated coffee mouth rinsing and caffeinated gum consumption on aerobic capacity and explosive power of table tennis players a randomized double blind placebo controlled crossover study |
| topic | Caffeine caffeinated gum coffee mouth rinsing aerobic capacity time to exhaustion table tennis |
| url | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/15502783.2024.2340556 |
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