The Impact of Smoking on Microbiota: A Narrative Review

Cigarette smoke is a classic risk factor for many diseases. The microbiota has been recently indicated as a new, major player in human health. Its deregulation—dysbiosis—is considered a new risk factor for several illnesses. Some studies highlight a cross-interaction between these two risk factors—s...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Sara Cicchinelli, Federico Rosa, Federica Manca, Christian Zanza, Veronica Ojetti, Marcello Covino, Marcello Candelli, Antonio Gasbarrini, Francesco Franceschi, Andrea Piccioni
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2023-04-01
Series:Biomedicines
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/11/4/1144