Molecular Hallmarks of Ischemia with Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries: The “INOCA versus Obstructive CCS” Challenge
Up to 4 million patients with signs of myocardial ischemia have no obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD). The absence of precise guidelines for diagnosis and treatment in non-obstructive CAD encourages the scientific community to fill the gap knowledge, to provide non-invasive and less expensive...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/6/1711 |
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| author | Alice Bonanni Alessia d’Aiello Daniela Pedicino Marianna Di Sario Ramona Vinci Myriana Ponzo Pellegrino Ciampi Denise Lo Curto Cristina Conte Francesco Cribari Francesco Canonico Giulio Russo Rocco Antonio Montone Carlo Trani Anna Severino Filippo Crea Giovanna Liuzzo |
| author_facet | Alice Bonanni Alessia d’Aiello Daniela Pedicino Marianna Di Sario Ramona Vinci Myriana Ponzo Pellegrino Ciampi Denise Lo Curto Cristina Conte Francesco Cribari Francesco Canonico Giulio Russo Rocco Antonio Montone Carlo Trani Anna Severino Filippo Crea Giovanna Liuzzo |
| author_sort | Alice Bonanni |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Up to 4 million patients with signs of myocardial ischemia have no obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD). The absence of precise guidelines for diagnosis and treatment in non-obstructive CAD encourages the scientific community to fill the gap knowledge, to provide non-invasive and less expensive diagnostic tools. The aim of our study was to explore the biological profile of Ischemia with Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries (INOCA) patients with microvascular dysfunction compared to patients presenting with obstructive chronic coronary syndrome (ObCCS) in order to find specific hallmarks of each clinical condition. We performed a gene expression array from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from INOCA (<i>n</i> = 18) and ObCCS (<i>n</i> = 20) patients. Our results showed a significantly reduced gene expression of molecules involved in cell adhesion, signaling, vascular motion, and inflammation in INOCA as compared to the ObCCS group. In detail, we found lower expression of Platelet and Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 (CD31, <i>p</i> < 0.0001), Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM1, <i>p</i> = 0.0004), Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF <i>p</i> = 0.0003), Transferrin Receptor (TFRC, <i>p</i> = 0.002), and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (VEGFA, <i>p</i> = 0.0006) in the INOCA group compared with ObCCS. Meanwhile, we observed an increased expression of Hyaluronidase (HYAL2, <i>p</i> < 0.0001) in INOCA patients in comparison to ObCCS. The distinct expression of molecular biomarkers might allow an early and non-invasive differential diagnosis between ObCCS and INOCA, improving clinical management and treatment options, in the era of personalized medicine. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:36:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-359114ad0f884377a69477b281a00455 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:36:23Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-359114ad0f884377a69477b281a004552023-11-24T01:51:20ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832022-03-01116171110.3390/jcm11061711Molecular Hallmarks of Ischemia with Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries: The “INOCA versus Obstructive CCS” ChallengeAlice Bonanni0Alessia d’Aiello1Daniela Pedicino2Marianna Di Sario3Ramona Vinci4Myriana Ponzo5Pellegrino Ciampi6Denise Lo Curto7Cristina Conte8Francesco Cribari9Francesco Canonico10Giulio Russo11Rocco Antonio Montone12Carlo Trani13Anna Severino14Filippo Crea15Giovanna Liuzzo16Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, ItalyUp to 4 million patients with signs of myocardial ischemia have no obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD). The absence of precise guidelines for diagnosis and treatment in non-obstructive CAD encourages the scientific community to fill the gap knowledge, to provide non-invasive and less expensive diagnostic tools. The aim of our study was to explore the biological profile of Ischemia with Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries (INOCA) patients with microvascular dysfunction compared to patients presenting with obstructive chronic coronary syndrome (ObCCS) in order to find specific hallmarks of each clinical condition. We performed a gene expression array from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from INOCA (<i>n</i> = 18) and ObCCS (<i>n</i> = 20) patients. Our results showed a significantly reduced gene expression of molecules involved in cell adhesion, signaling, vascular motion, and inflammation in INOCA as compared to the ObCCS group. In detail, we found lower expression of Platelet and Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 (CD31, <i>p</i> < 0.0001), Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM1, <i>p</i> = 0.0004), Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF <i>p</i> = 0.0003), Transferrin Receptor (TFRC, <i>p</i> = 0.002), and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (VEGFA, <i>p</i> = 0.0006) in the INOCA group compared with ObCCS. Meanwhile, we observed an increased expression of Hyaluronidase (HYAL2, <i>p</i> < 0.0001) in INOCA patients in comparison to ObCCS. The distinct expression of molecular biomarkers might allow an early and non-invasive differential diagnosis between ObCCS and INOCA, improving clinical management and treatment options, in the era of personalized medicine.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/6/1711non-obstructive CADischemia with non-obstructive coronary artery (INOCA)chronic coronary syndromes (CCS)coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD)biomarkergene expression |
| spellingShingle | Alice Bonanni Alessia d’Aiello Daniela Pedicino Marianna Di Sario Ramona Vinci Myriana Ponzo Pellegrino Ciampi Denise Lo Curto Cristina Conte Francesco Cribari Francesco Canonico Giulio Russo Rocco Antonio Montone Carlo Trani Anna Severino Filippo Crea Giovanna Liuzzo Molecular Hallmarks of Ischemia with Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries: The “INOCA versus Obstructive CCS” Challenge Journal of Clinical Medicine non-obstructive CAD ischemia with non-obstructive coronary artery (INOCA) chronic coronary syndromes (CCS) coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) biomarker gene expression |
| title | Molecular Hallmarks of Ischemia with Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries: The “INOCA versus Obstructive CCS” Challenge |
| title_full | Molecular Hallmarks of Ischemia with Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries: The “INOCA versus Obstructive CCS” Challenge |
| title_fullStr | Molecular Hallmarks of Ischemia with Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries: The “INOCA versus Obstructive CCS” Challenge |
| title_full_unstemmed | Molecular Hallmarks of Ischemia with Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries: The “INOCA versus Obstructive CCS” Challenge |
| title_short | Molecular Hallmarks of Ischemia with Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries: The “INOCA versus Obstructive CCS” Challenge |
| title_sort | molecular hallmarks of ischemia with non obstructive coronary arteries the inoca versus obstructive ccs challenge |
| topic | non-obstructive CAD ischemia with non-obstructive coronary artery (INOCA) chronic coronary syndromes (CCS) coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) biomarker gene expression |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/6/1711 |
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