In Vitro Immuno-Modulatory Potentials of Purslane (<i>Portulaca oleracea</i> L.) Polysaccharides with a Chemical Selenylation
The soluble polysaccharides from a non-conventional and edible plant purslane (<i>Portulaca oleracea</i> L.), namely PSPO, were prepared by the water extraction and ethanol precipitation methods in this study. The obtained PSPO were selenylated using the Na<sub>2</sub>SeO<...
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Foods |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/11/1/14 |
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| author | Ya-Ru Lin Qing-Yun Guan Ling-Yu Li Zhi-Mei Tang Qiang Zhang Xin-Huai Zhao |
| author_facet | Ya-Ru Lin Qing-Yun Guan Ling-Yu Li Zhi-Mei Tang Qiang Zhang Xin-Huai Zhao |
| author_sort | Ya-Ru Lin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The soluble polysaccharides from a non-conventional and edible plant purslane (<i>Portulaca oleracea</i> L.), namely PSPO, were prepared by the water extraction and ethanol precipitation methods in this study. The obtained PSPO were selenylated using the Na<sub>2</sub>SeO<sub>3</sub>-HNO<sub>3</sub> method to successfully prepare two selenylated products, namely SePSPO-1 and SePSPO-2, with different selenylation extents. The assay results confirmed that SePSPO-1 and SePSPO-2 had respective Se contents of 753.8 and 1325.1 mg/kg, while PSPO only contained Se element about 80.6 mg/kg. The results demonstrated that SePSPO-1 and SePSPO-2 had higher immune modulation than PSPO (<i>p</i> < 0.05), when using the two immune cells (murine splenocytes and RAW 264.7 macrophages) as two cell models. Specifically, SePSPO-1 and SePSPO-2 were more active than PSPO in the macrophages, resulting in higher cell proliferation, greater macrophage phagocytosis, and higher secretion of the immune-related three cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-1β. Meanwhile, SePSPO-1 and SePSPO-2 were more potent than PSPO in the concanavalin A- or lipopolysaccharide-stimulated splenocytes in cell proliferation, or more able than PSPO in the splenocytes to promote interferon-γ secretion but suppress IL-4 secretion, or more capable of enhancing the ratio of T-helper (CD4<sup>+</sup>) cells to T-cytotoxic (CD8<sup>+</sup>) cells for the T lymphocytes than PSPO. Overall, the higher selenylation extent of the selenylated PSPO mostly caused higher immune modulation in the model cells, while a higher polysaccharide dose consistently led to the greater regulation effect. Thus, it is concluded that the employed chemical selenylation could be used in the chemical modification of purslane or other plant polysaccharides, when aiming to endow the polysaccharides with higher immuno-modulatory effect on the two immune cells. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:41:18Z |
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| id | doaj.art-36aa6316293e41bdaeed0544b68963a6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2304-8158 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:41:18Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-36aa6316293e41bdaeed0544b68963a62023-11-23T11:30:09ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582021-12-011111410.3390/foods11010014In Vitro Immuno-Modulatory Potentials of Purslane (<i>Portulaca oleracea</i> L.) Polysaccharides with a Chemical SelenylationYa-Ru Lin0Qing-Yun Guan1Ling-Yu Li2Zhi-Mei Tang3Qiang Zhang4Xin-Huai Zhao5School of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, ChinaSchool of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, ChinaSchool of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, ChinaSchool of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, ChinaSchool of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, ChinaSchool of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, ChinaThe soluble polysaccharides from a non-conventional and edible plant purslane (<i>Portulaca oleracea</i> L.), namely PSPO, were prepared by the water extraction and ethanol precipitation methods in this study. The obtained PSPO were selenylated using the Na<sub>2</sub>SeO<sub>3</sub>-HNO<sub>3</sub> method to successfully prepare two selenylated products, namely SePSPO-1 and SePSPO-2, with different selenylation extents. The assay results confirmed that SePSPO-1 and SePSPO-2 had respective Se contents of 753.8 and 1325.1 mg/kg, while PSPO only contained Se element about 80.6 mg/kg. The results demonstrated that SePSPO-1 and SePSPO-2 had higher immune modulation than PSPO (<i>p</i> < 0.05), when using the two immune cells (murine splenocytes and RAW 264.7 macrophages) as two cell models. Specifically, SePSPO-1 and SePSPO-2 were more active than PSPO in the macrophages, resulting in higher cell proliferation, greater macrophage phagocytosis, and higher secretion of the immune-related three cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-1β. Meanwhile, SePSPO-1 and SePSPO-2 were more potent than PSPO in the concanavalin A- or lipopolysaccharide-stimulated splenocytes in cell proliferation, or more able than PSPO in the splenocytes to promote interferon-γ secretion but suppress IL-4 secretion, or more capable of enhancing the ratio of T-helper (CD4<sup>+</sup>) cells to T-cytotoxic (CD8<sup>+</sup>) cells for the T lymphocytes than PSPO. Overall, the higher selenylation extent of the selenylated PSPO mostly caused higher immune modulation in the model cells, while a higher polysaccharide dose consistently led to the greater regulation effect. Thus, it is concluded that the employed chemical selenylation could be used in the chemical modification of purslane or other plant polysaccharides, when aiming to endow the polysaccharides with higher immuno-modulatory effect on the two immune cells.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/11/1/14purslane polysaccharidesselenylationRAW 264.7 macrophagessplenocytesimmune modulation |
| spellingShingle | Ya-Ru Lin Qing-Yun Guan Ling-Yu Li Zhi-Mei Tang Qiang Zhang Xin-Huai Zhao In Vitro Immuno-Modulatory Potentials of Purslane (<i>Portulaca oleracea</i> L.) Polysaccharides with a Chemical Selenylation Foods purslane polysaccharides selenylation RAW 264.7 macrophages splenocytes immune modulation |
| title | In Vitro Immuno-Modulatory Potentials of Purslane (<i>Portulaca oleracea</i> L.) Polysaccharides with a Chemical Selenylation |
| title_full | In Vitro Immuno-Modulatory Potentials of Purslane (<i>Portulaca oleracea</i> L.) Polysaccharides with a Chemical Selenylation |
| title_fullStr | In Vitro Immuno-Modulatory Potentials of Purslane (<i>Portulaca oleracea</i> L.) Polysaccharides with a Chemical Selenylation |
| title_full_unstemmed | In Vitro Immuno-Modulatory Potentials of Purslane (<i>Portulaca oleracea</i> L.) Polysaccharides with a Chemical Selenylation |
| title_short | In Vitro Immuno-Modulatory Potentials of Purslane (<i>Portulaca oleracea</i> L.) Polysaccharides with a Chemical Selenylation |
| title_sort | in vitro immuno modulatory potentials of purslane i portulaca oleracea i l polysaccharides with a chemical selenylation |
| topic | purslane polysaccharides selenylation RAW 264.7 macrophages splenocytes immune modulation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/11/1/14 |
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