Humoral and cellular immunogenicity of homologous and heterologous booster vaccination in Ad26.COV2.S-primed individuals: Comparison by breakthrough infection
BackgroundWhether or not a single-dose Ad26.COV2.S prime and boost vaccination induces sufficient immunity is unclear. Concerns about the increased risk of breakthrough infections in the Ad26.COV2.S-primed population have also been raised.MethodsA prospective cohort study was conducted. Participants...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1131229/full |
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| author | Hakjun Hyun Hakjun Hyun Hakjun Hyun A-Yeung Jang Heedo Park Jung Yeon Heo Yu Bin Seo Eliel Nham Eliel Nham Eliel Nham Jin Gu Yoon Jin Gu Yoon Jin Gu Yoon Hye Seong Hye Seong Hye Seong Ji Yun Noh Ji Yun Noh Ji Yun Noh Hee Jin Cheong Hee Jin Cheong Hee Jin Cheong Woo Joo Kim Woo Joo Kim Woo Joo Kim Soo-Young Yoon Jong Hyeon Seok Jineui Kim Man-Seong Park Man-Seong Park Joon Young Song Joon Young Song Joon Young Song |
| author_facet | Hakjun Hyun Hakjun Hyun Hakjun Hyun A-Yeung Jang Heedo Park Jung Yeon Heo Yu Bin Seo Eliel Nham Eliel Nham Eliel Nham Jin Gu Yoon Jin Gu Yoon Jin Gu Yoon Hye Seong Hye Seong Hye Seong Ji Yun Noh Ji Yun Noh Ji Yun Noh Hee Jin Cheong Hee Jin Cheong Hee Jin Cheong Woo Joo Kim Woo Joo Kim Woo Joo Kim Soo-Young Yoon Jong Hyeon Seok Jineui Kim Man-Seong Park Man-Seong Park Joon Young Song Joon Young Song Joon Young Song |
| author_sort | Hakjun Hyun |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundWhether or not a single-dose Ad26.COV2.S prime and boost vaccination induces sufficient immunity is unclear. Concerns about the increased risk of breakthrough infections in the Ad26.COV2.S-primed population have also been raised.MethodsA prospective cohort study was conducted. Participants included healthy adults who were Ad26.COV2.S primed and scheduled to receive a booster vaccination with BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, or Ad26.COV2.S. The IgG anti-receptor binding domain (RBD) antibody titers, neutralizing antibody (NAb) titers (against wild type [WT] and Omicron [BA.1 and BA.5]), and Spike-specific interferon-γ responses of the participants were estimated at baseline, 3–4 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months after booster vaccination.ResultsA total of 89 participants were recruited (26 boosted with BNT162b2, 57 with mRNA-1273, and 7 with Ad26.COV2.S). The IgG anti-RBD antibody titers of all participants were significantly higher at 6 months post-vaccination than at baseline. The NAb titers against WT at 3 months post-vaccination were 359, 258, and 166 in the participants from the BNT162b2-, mRNA-1273-, and Ad26.COV2.S-boosted groups, respectively. Compared with those against WT, the NAb titers against BA.1/BA.5 were lower by 23.9/10.9-, 16.6/7.4-, and 13.8/7.2-fold in the participants from the BNT162b2-, mRNA-1273-, and Ad26.COV2.S-boosted groups, respectively, at 3 months post-vaccination. Notably, the NAb titers against BA.1 were not boosted after Ad26.COV2.S vaccination. Breakthrough infections occurred in 53.8%, 62.5%, and 42.9% of the participants from the BNT162b2-, mRNA-1273-, and Ad26.COV2.S-boosted groups, respectively. No significant difference in humoral and cellular immunity was found between individuals with and without SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections.ConclusionBooster vaccination elicited acceptable humoral and cellular immune responses in Ad26.COV2.S-primed individuals. However, the neutralizing activities against Omicron subvariants were negligible, and breakthrough infection rates were remarkably high at 3 months post-booster vaccination, irrespective of the vaccine type. A booster dose of a vaccine containing the Omicron variant antigen would be required. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T05:33:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-374c2883912b4b76aa298ae5b014e1eb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T05:33:13Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-374c2883912b4b76aa298ae5b014e1eb2023-03-07T05:17:23ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242023-03-011410.3389/fimmu.2023.11312291131229Humoral and cellular immunogenicity of homologous and heterologous booster vaccination in Ad26.COV2.S-primed individuals: Comparison by breakthrough infectionHakjun Hyun0Hakjun Hyun1Hakjun Hyun2A-Yeung Jang3Heedo Park4Jung Yeon Heo5Yu Bin Seo6Eliel Nham7Eliel Nham8Eliel Nham9Jin Gu Yoon10Jin Gu Yoon11Jin Gu Yoon12Hye Seong13Hye Seong14Hye Seong15Ji Yun Noh16Ji Yun Noh17Ji Yun Noh18Hee Jin Cheong19Hee Jin Cheong20Hee Jin Cheong21Woo Joo Kim22Woo Joo Kim23Woo Joo Kim24Soo-Young Yoon25Jong Hyeon Seok26Jineui Kim27Man-Seong Park28Man-Seong Park29Joon Young Song30Joon Young Song31Joon Young Song32Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaAsia Pacific Influenza Institute, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Research and Development, Vaccine Innovation Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, Biosafety center, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of KoreaDivision of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaAsia Pacific Influenza Institute, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Research and Development, Vaccine Innovation Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaAsia Pacific Influenza Institute, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Research and Development, Vaccine Innovation Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaAsia Pacific Influenza Institute, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Research and Development, Vaccine Innovation Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaAsia Pacific Influenza Institute, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Research and Development, Vaccine Innovation Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaAsia Pacific Influenza Institute, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Research and Development, Vaccine Innovation Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaAsia Pacific Influenza Institute, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Research and Development, Vaccine Innovation Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, Biosafety center, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, Biosafety center, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Research and Development, Vaccine Innovation Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, Biosafety center, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaAsia Pacific Influenza Institute, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Research and Development, Vaccine Innovation Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaBackgroundWhether or not a single-dose Ad26.COV2.S prime and boost vaccination induces sufficient immunity is unclear. Concerns about the increased risk of breakthrough infections in the Ad26.COV2.S-primed population have also been raised.MethodsA prospective cohort study was conducted. Participants included healthy adults who were Ad26.COV2.S primed and scheduled to receive a booster vaccination with BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, or Ad26.COV2.S. The IgG anti-receptor binding domain (RBD) antibody titers, neutralizing antibody (NAb) titers (against wild type [WT] and Omicron [BA.1 and BA.5]), and Spike-specific interferon-γ responses of the participants were estimated at baseline, 3–4 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months after booster vaccination.ResultsA total of 89 participants were recruited (26 boosted with BNT162b2, 57 with mRNA-1273, and 7 with Ad26.COV2.S). The IgG anti-RBD antibody titers of all participants were significantly higher at 6 months post-vaccination than at baseline. The NAb titers against WT at 3 months post-vaccination were 359, 258, and 166 in the participants from the BNT162b2-, mRNA-1273-, and Ad26.COV2.S-boosted groups, respectively. Compared with those against WT, the NAb titers against BA.1/BA.5 were lower by 23.9/10.9-, 16.6/7.4-, and 13.8/7.2-fold in the participants from the BNT162b2-, mRNA-1273-, and Ad26.COV2.S-boosted groups, respectively, at 3 months post-vaccination. Notably, the NAb titers against BA.1 were not boosted after Ad26.COV2.S vaccination. Breakthrough infections occurred in 53.8%, 62.5%, and 42.9% of the participants from the BNT162b2-, mRNA-1273-, and Ad26.COV2.S-boosted groups, respectively. No significant difference in humoral and cellular immunity was found between individuals with and without SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections.ConclusionBooster vaccination elicited acceptable humoral and cellular immune responses in Ad26.COV2.S-primed individuals. However, the neutralizing activities against Omicron subvariants were negligible, and breakthrough infection rates were remarkably high at 3 months post-booster vaccination, irrespective of the vaccine type. A booster dose of a vaccine containing the Omicron variant antigen would be required.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1131229/fullSARS-CoV-2COVID-19vaccineshumoral immunitycellular immunitybooster |
| spellingShingle | Hakjun Hyun Hakjun Hyun Hakjun Hyun A-Yeung Jang Heedo Park Jung Yeon Heo Yu Bin Seo Eliel Nham Eliel Nham Eliel Nham Jin Gu Yoon Jin Gu Yoon Jin Gu Yoon Hye Seong Hye Seong Hye Seong Ji Yun Noh Ji Yun Noh Ji Yun Noh Hee Jin Cheong Hee Jin Cheong Hee Jin Cheong Woo Joo Kim Woo Joo Kim Woo Joo Kim Soo-Young Yoon Jong Hyeon Seok Jineui Kim Man-Seong Park Man-Seong Park Joon Young Song Joon Young Song Joon Young Song Humoral and cellular immunogenicity of homologous and heterologous booster vaccination in Ad26.COV2.S-primed individuals: Comparison by breakthrough infection Frontiers in Immunology SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 vaccines humoral immunity cellular immunity booster |
| title | Humoral and cellular immunogenicity of homologous and heterologous booster vaccination in Ad26.COV2.S-primed individuals: Comparison by breakthrough infection |
| title_full | Humoral and cellular immunogenicity of homologous and heterologous booster vaccination in Ad26.COV2.S-primed individuals: Comparison by breakthrough infection |
| title_fullStr | Humoral and cellular immunogenicity of homologous and heterologous booster vaccination in Ad26.COV2.S-primed individuals: Comparison by breakthrough infection |
| title_full_unstemmed | Humoral and cellular immunogenicity of homologous and heterologous booster vaccination in Ad26.COV2.S-primed individuals: Comparison by breakthrough infection |
| title_short | Humoral and cellular immunogenicity of homologous and heterologous booster vaccination in Ad26.COV2.S-primed individuals: Comparison by breakthrough infection |
| title_sort | humoral and cellular immunogenicity of homologous and heterologous booster vaccination in ad26 cov2 s primed individuals comparison by breakthrough infection |
| topic | SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 vaccines humoral immunity cellular immunity booster |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1131229/full |
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