Quasi-Static Fracture Toughness and Damage Monitoring in Liquid Metal Reinforced Hybrid Composites
An experimental study is performed to investigate the quasi-static fracture toughness and damage monitoring capabilities of liquid metal (75.5% Gallium/24.5% Indium) reinforced intraply glass/carbon hybrid composites. Two different layups (G-0, where glass fibers are along the crack propagation dire...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Composites Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2504-477X/8/1/25 |
| _version_ | 1797343330483306496 |
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| author | Zachary Safford Mohammed Shonar Vijaya Chalivendra |
| author_facet | Zachary Safford Mohammed Shonar Vijaya Chalivendra |
| author_sort | Zachary Safford |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | An experimental study is performed to investigate the quasi-static fracture toughness and damage monitoring capabilities of liquid metal (75.5% Gallium/24.5% Indium) reinforced intraply glass/carbon hybrid composites. Two different layups (G-0, where glass fibers are along the crack propagation direction; C-0, where carbon fibers are along the crack propagation direction) and two different weight percentages of liquid metal (1% and 2%) are considered in the fabrication of the composites. A novel four-probe technique is employed to determine the piezo-resistive damage response under mode-I fracture loading conditions. The effect of layups and liquid metal concentrations on fracture toughness and changes in piezo-resistance response is discussed. The C-composite without liquid metal demonstrated higher fracture toughness compared to that of the G-composite due to carbon fiber breakage. The addition of liquid metal decreases the fracture initiation toughness of both G- and C-composites. Scanning electron microscopy images show that liquid metal takes the form of large liquid metal pockets and small spherical droplets on the fracture surfaces. In both C- and G-composites, the peak resistance change of composites with 2% liquid metal is substantially lower than that of both no-liquid metal and 1% liquid metal composites. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T10:46:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-37c045ac2ee8405eaa6ec7071fb4285c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2504-477X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T10:46:03Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Composites Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-37c045ac2ee8405eaa6ec7071fb4285c2024-01-26T17:10:46ZengMDPI AGJournal of Composites Science2504-477X2024-01-01812510.3390/jcs8010025Quasi-Static Fracture Toughness and Damage Monitoring in Liquid Metal Reinforced Hybrid CompositesZachary Safford0Mohammed Shonar1Vijaya Chalivendra2Department of Aerospace Engineering, Worcester Polytechnique Institute, Worcester, MA 01609, USADepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, North Dartmouth, MA 02747, USADepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, North Dartmouth, MA 02747, USAAn experimental study is performed to investigate the quasi-static fracture toughness and damage monitoring capabilities of liquid metal (75.5% Gallium/24.5% Indium) reinforced intraply glass/carbon hybrid composites. Two different layups (G-0, where glass fibers are along the crack propagation direction; C-0, where carbon fibers are along the crack propagation direction) and two different weight percentages of liquid metal (1% and 2%) are considered in the fabrication of the composites. A novel four-probe technique is employed to determine the piezo-resistive damage response under mode-I fracture loading conditions. The effect of layups and liquid metal concentrations on fracture toughness and changes in piezo-resistance response is discussed. The C-composite without liquid metal demonstrated higher fracture toughness compared to that of the G-composite due to carbon fiber breakage. The addition of liquid metal decreases the fracture initiation toughness of both G- and C-composites. Scanning electron microscopy images show that liquid metal takes the form of large liquid metal pockets and small spherical droplets on the fracture surfaces. In both C- and G-composites, the peak resistance change of composites with 2% liquid metal is substantially lower than that of both no-liquid metal and 1% liquid metal composites.https://www.mdpi.com/2504-477X/8/1/25liquid metalintraplyhybrid compositesquasi-static fracture toughnessdamage monitoring |
| spellingShingle | Zachary Safford Mohammed Shonar Vijaya Chalivendra Quasi-Static Fracture Toughness and Damage Monitoring in Liquid Metal Reinforced Hybrid Composites Journal of Composites Science liquid metal intraply hybrid composites quasi-static fracture toughness damage monitoring |
| title | Quasi-Static Fracture Toughness and Damage Monitoring in Liquid Metal Reinforced Hybrid Composites |
| title_full | Quasi-Static Fracture Toughness and Damage Monitoring in Liquid Metal Reinforced Hybrid Composites |
| title_fullStr | Quasi-Static Fracture Toughness and Damage Monitoring in Liquid Metal Reinforced Hybrid Composites |
| title_full_unstemmed | Quasi-Static Fracture Toughness and Damage Monitoring in Liquid Metal Reinforced Hybrid Composites |
| title_short | Quasi-Static Fracture Toughness and Damage Monitoring in Liquid Metal Reinforced Hybrid Composites |
| title_sort | quasi static fracture toughness and damage monitoring in liquid metal reinforced hybrid composites |
| topic | liquid metal intraply hybrid composites quasi-static fracture toughness damage monitoring |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2504-477X/8/1/25 |
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