Double-Stranded Break Repair in Mammalian Cells and Precise Genome Editing
In mammalian cells, double-strand breaks (DSBs) are repaired predominantly by error-prone non-homologous end joining (NHEJ), but less prevalently by error-free template-dependent homologous recombination (HR). DSB repair pathway selection is the bedrock for genome editing. NHEJ results in random mut...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-04-01
|
| Series: | Genes |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/13/5/737 |
| _version_ | 1797499625985277952 |
|---|---|
| author | Akhtar Ali Wei Xiao Masroor Ellahi Babar Yanzhen Bi |
| author_facet | Akhtar Ali Wei Xiao Masroor Ellahi Babar Yanzhen Bi |
| author_sort | Akhtar Ali |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In mammalian cells, double-strand breaks (DSBs) are repaired predominantly by error-prone non-homologous end joining (NHEJ), but less prevalently by error-free template-dependent homologous recombination (HR). DSB repair pathway selection is the bedrock for genome editing. NHEJ results in random mutations when repairing DSB, while HR induces high-fidelity sequence-specific variations, but with an undesirable low efficiency. In this review, we first discuss the latest insights into the action mode of NHEJ and HR in a panoramic view. We then propose the future direction of genome editing by virtue of these advancements. We suggest that by switching NHEJ to HR, full fidelity genome editing and robust gene knock-in could be enabled. We also envision that RNA molecules could be repurposed by RNA-templated DSB repair to mediate precise genetic editing. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:50:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3a73091809934a9d82c71f7c3a6e6c44 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:50:06Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Genes |
| spelling | doaj.art-3a73091809934a9d82c71f7c3a6e6c442023-11-23T11:08:41ZengMDPI AGGenes2073-44252022-04-0113573710.3390/genes13050737Double-Stranded Break Repair in Mammalian Cells and Precise Genome EditingAkhtar Ali0Wei Xiao1Masroor Ellahi Babar2Yanzhen Bi3Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding of Hubei Province, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, ChinaKey Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding of Hubei Province, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, ChinaThe University of Agriculture Dera Ismail Khan, Dera Ismail Khan 29220, PakistanKey Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding of Hubei Province, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, ChinaIn mammalian cells, double-strand breaks (DSBs) are repaired predominantly by error-prone non-homologous end joining (NHEJ), but less prevalently by error-free template-dependent homologous recombination (HR). DSB repair pathway selection is the bedrock for genome editing. NHEJ results in random mutations when repairing DSB, while HR induces high-fidelity sequence-specific variations, but with an undesirable low efficiency. In this review, we first discuss the latest insights into the action mode of NHEJ and HR in a panoramic view. We then propose the future direction of genome editing by virtue of these advancements. We suggest that by switching NHEJ to HR, full fidelity genome editing and robust gene knock-in could be enabled. We also envision that RNA molecules could be repurposed by RNA-templated DSB repair to mediate precise genetic editing.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/13/5/737DSB repairNHEJHRRNA templategenome editing |
| spellingShingle | Akhtar Ali Wei Xiao Masroor Ellahi Babar Yanzhen Bi Double-Stranded Break Repair in Mammalian Cells and Precise Genome Editing Genes DSB repair NHEJ HR RNA template genome editing |
| title | Double-Stranded Break Repair in Mammalian Cells and Precise Genome Editing |
| title_full | Double-Stranded Break Repair in Mammalian Cells and Precise Genome Editing |
| title_fullStr | Double-Stranded Break Repair in Mammalian Cells and Precise Genome Editing |
| title_full_unstemmed | Double-Stranded Break Repair in Mammalian Cells and Precise Genome Editing |
| title_short | Double-Stranded Break Repair in Mammalian Cells and Precise Genome Editing |
| title_sort | double stranded break repair in mammalian cells and precise genome editing |
| topic | DSB repair NHEJ HR RNA template genome editing |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/13/5/737 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT akhtarali doublestrandedbreakrepairinmammaliancellsandprecisegenomeediting AT weixiao doublestrandedbreakrepairinmammaliancellsandprecisegenomeediting AT masroorellahibabar doublestrandedbreakrepairinmammaliancellsandprecisegenomeediting AT yanzhenbi doublestrandedbreakrepairinmammaliancellsandprecisegenomeediting |