Ribosomal DNA as DAMPs Signal for MCF7 Cancer Cells
Introduction: The cell free ribosomal DNA (cf-rDNA) is accrued in the total pool of cell free DNA (cfDNA) in some non-cancer diseases and demonstrates DAMPs characteristics. The major research questions: (1) How does cell free rDNA content change in breast cancer; (2) What type of response in the MC...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Oncology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fonc.2019.00445/full |
| _version_ | 1818475493648760832 |
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| author | Elena M. Malinovskaya Elizaveta S. Ershova Natalya A. Okorokova Vladimir P. Veiko Marina S. Konkova Ekaterina A. Kozhina Ekaterina A. Savinova Lev N. Porokhovnik Serguey I. Kutsev Nataly N. Veiko Svetlana V. Kostyuk |
| author_facet | Elena M. Malinovskaya Elizaveta S. Ershova Natalya A. Okorokova Vladimir P. Veiko Marina S. Konkova Ekaterina A. Kozhina Ekaterina A. Savinova Lev N. Porokhovnik Serguey I. Kutsev Nataly N. Veiko Svetlana V. Kostyuk |
| author_sort | Elena M. Malinovskaya |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: The cell free ribosomal DNA (cf-rDNA) is accrued in the total pool of cell free DNA (cfDNA) in some non-cancer diseases and demonstrates DAMPs characteristics. The major research questions: (1) How does cell free rDNA content change in breast cancer; (2) What type of response in the MCF7 breast cancer cells is caused by cf-rDNA; and (3) What type of DNA sensors (TLR9 or AIM2) is stimulated in MCF7 in response to the action of cf-rDNA?Materials and Methods: CfDNA and gDNA were isolated from the blood plasma and the cells derived from 38 breast cancer patients and 20 healthy female controls. The rDNA content in DNA was determined using non-radioactive quantitative hybridization. In order to explore the rDNA influence on MCF7 breast cancer cells, the model constructs (GC-DNAs) were applied: pBR322-rDNA plasmid (rDNA inset 5836 bp long) and pBR322 vector. ROS generation, DNA damage, cell cycle, expression of TLR9, AIM2, NF-kB, STAT3, and RNA for 44 genes affecting the cancer cell viability were evaluated. The methods used: RT-qPCR, fluorescent microscopy, immunoassay, flow cytometry, and siRNA technology.Results: The ratio R = cf-rDNA/g-rDNA for the cases was higher than for the controls (median 3.4 vs. 0.8, p < 10−8). In MCF7, GC-DNAs induce a ROS burst, DNA damage response, and augmentation of NF-kB and STAT3 activity. The number of the apoptotic cells decreases, while the number of cells with an instable genome (G2/M– arrest, micronuclei) increase. Expression of anti-apoptotic genes (BCL2, BCL2A1, BCL2L1, BIRC3, MDM2) is elevated, while expression of pro-apoptotic genes (BAX, BID, BAD, PMAIP1, BBC3) is lowered. The cells response for pBR322-rDNA is much more intense and develops much faster, than response for pBR322, and is realized through activation of TLR9- MyD88 - NF-kB- signaling. This difference in response speed is owing to the heightened oxidability of pBR322-rDNA and better ability to penetrate the cell. Induction of TLR9 expression in MCF7 is followed by blocking AIM2 expression.Conclusion: (1) Ribosomal DNA accumulates in cfDNA of breast cancer patients; (2) Cell free rDNA induce DNA damage response and stimulates cells survival, including cells with an instable genome; (3) Cell free rDNA triggers TLR9- MyD88- NF-kB- signaling, with significantly repressing the expression of AIM2. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T09:13:18Z |
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| id | doaj.art-3b6b0097252e4e42be63e8e9310314d7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2234-943X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T09:13:18Z |
| publishDate | 2019-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Oncology |
| spelling | doaj.art-3b6b0097252e4e42be63e8e9310314d72022-12-22T01:54:56ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Oncology2234-943X2019-05-01910.3389/fonc.2019.00445438915Ribosomal DNA as DAMPs Signal for MCF7 Cancer CellsElena M. Malinovskaya0Elizaveta S. Ershova1Natalya A. Okorokova2Vladimir P. Veiko3Marina S. Konkova4Ekaterina A. Kozhina5Ekaterina A. Savinova6Lev N. Porokhovnik7Serguey I. Kutsev8Nataly N. Veiko9Svetlana V. Kostyuk10Research Centre for Medical Genetics (RCMG), Moscow, RussiaResearch Centre for Medical Genetics (RCMG), Moscow, RussiaBiotechnology Research Center, Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, RussiaBiotechnology Research Center, Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, RussiaResearch Centre for Medical Genetics (RCMG), Moscow, RussiaResearch Centre for Medical Genetics (RCMG), Moscow, RussiaResearch Centre for Medical Genetics (RCMG), Moscow, RussiaResearch Centre for Medical Genetics (RCMG), Moscow, RussiaResearch Centre for Medical Genetics (RCMG), Moscow, RussiaResearch Centre for Medical Genetics (RCMG), Moscow, RussiaResearch Centre for Medical Genetics (RCMG), Moscow, RussiaIntroduction: The cell free ribosomal DNA (cf-rDNA) is accrued in the total pool of cell free DNA (cfDNA) in some non-cancer diseases and demonstrates DAMPs characteristics. The major research questions: (1) How does cell free rDNA content change in breast cancer; (2) What type of response in the MCF7 breast cancer cells is caused by cf-rDNA; and (3) What type of DNA sensors (TLR9 or AIM2) is stimulated in MCF7 in response to the action of cf-rDNA?Materials and Methods: CfDNA and gDNA were isolated from the blood plasma and the cells derived from 38 breast cancer patients and 20 healthy female controls. The rDNA content in DNA was determined using non-radioactive quantitative hybridization. In order to explore the rDNA influence on MCF7 breast cancer cells, the model constructs (GC-DNAs) were applied: pBR322-rDNA plasmid (rDNA inset 5836 bp long) and pBR322 vector. ROS generation, DNA damage, cell cycle, expression of TLR9, AIM2, NF-kB, STAT3, and RNA for 44 genes affecting the cancer cell viability were evaluated. The methods used: RT-qPCR, fluorescent microscopy, immunoassay, flow cytometry, and siRNA technology.Results: The ratio R = cf-rDNA/g-rDNA for the cases was higher than for the controls (median 3.4 vs. 0.8, p < 10−8). In MCF7, GC-DNAs induce a ROS burst, DNA damage response, and augmentation of NF-kB and STAT3 activity. The number of the apoptotic cells decreases, while the number of cells with an instable genome (G2/M– arrest, micronuclei) increase. Expression of anti-apoptotic genes (BCL2, BCL2A1, BCL2L1, BIRC3, MDM2) is elevated, while expression of pro-apoptotic genes (BAX, BID, BAD, PMAIP1, BBC3) is lowered. The cells response for pBR322-rDNA is much more intense and develops much faster, than response for pBR322, and is realized through activation of TLR9- MyD88 - NF-kB- signaling. This difference in response speed is owing to the heightened oxidability of pBR322-rDNA and better ability to penetrate the cell. Induction of TLR9 expression in MCF7 is followed by blocking AIM2 expression.Conclusion: (1) Ribosomal DNA accumulates in cfDNA of breast cancer patients; (2) Cell free rDNA induce DNA damage response and stimulates cells survival, including cells with an instable genome; (3) Cell free rDNA triggers TLR9- MyD88- NF-kB- signaling, with significantly repressing the expression of AIM2.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fonc.2019.00445/fullDAMPshuman ribosomal generDNATLR9AIM2cfDNA |
| spellingShingle | Elena M. Malinovskaya Elizaveta S. Ershova Natalya A. Okorokova Vladimir P. Veiko Marina S. Konkova Ekaterina A. Kozhina Ekaterina A. Savinova Lev N. Porokhovnik Serguey I. Kutsev Nataly N. Veiko Svetlana V. Kostyuk Ribosomal DNA as DAMPs Signal for MCF7 Cancer Cells Frontiers in Oncology DAMPs human ribosomal gene rDNA TLR9 AIM2 cfDNA |
| title | Ribosomal DNA as DAMPs Signal for MCF7 Cancer Cells |
| title_full | Ribosomal DNA as DAMPs Signal for MCF7 Cancer Cells |
| title_fullStr | Ribosomal DNA as DAMPs Signal for MCF7 Cancer Cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ribosomal DNA as DAMPs Signal for MCF7 Cancer Cells |
| title_short | Ribosomal DNA as DAMPs Signal for MCF7 Cancer Cells |
| title_sort | ribosomal dna as damps signal for mcf7 cancer cells |
| topic | DAMPs human ribosomal gene rDNA TLR9 AIM2 cfDNA |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fonc.2019.00445/full |
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