Sugar beet root susceptibility to storage rots and downregulation of plant defense genes increases with time in storage
Abstract Storage rots are a significant cause of postharvest losses for the sugar beet crop, however, intrinsic physiological and genetic factors that determine the susceptibility of roots to pathogen infection and disease development are unknown. Research, therefore, was carried out to evaluate the...
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| Formaat: | Artikel |
| Taal: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2024-11-01
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| Reeks: | Scientific Reports |
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| Online toegang: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-78323-4 |
| _version_ | 1826983623469826048 |
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| author | Shyam L. Kandel John D. Eide Andrea Firrincieli Fernando L. Finger Abbas M. Lafta Karen K. Fugate |
| author_facet | Shyam L. Kandel John D. Eide Andrea Firrincieli Fernando L. Finger Abbas M. Lafta Karen K. Fugate |
| author_sort | Shyam L. Kandel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Storage rots are a significant cause of postharvest losses for the sugar beet crop, however, intrinsic physiological and genetic factors that determine the susceptibility of roots to pathogen infection and disease development are unknown. Research, therefore, was carried out to evaluate the disease development in sugar beet roots caused by two common storage pathogens as a function of storage duration and storage temperature, and to identify changes in the expression of defense genes that may be influencing the root susceptibility to disease. To evaluate root susceptibility to disease, freshly harvested roots were inoculated with Botrytis cinerea or Penicillium vulpinum on the day of harvest or after 12, 40, or 120 d storage at 5 or 12 °C and the weight of rotted tissue present in the roots after incubation for 35 d after inoculation were determined. Disease susceptibility and progression to B. cinerea and P. vulpinum increased with storage duration with elevations in susceptibility occurring more rapidly to B. cinerea than P. vulpinum. Also, B. cinerea was more aggressive than P. vulpinum and caused greater rotting and tissue damage in postharvest sugar beet roots. Storage temperature had minimal effect on root susceptibility to these rot-causing pathogens. Changes in defense gene expression were determined by sequencing mRNA isolated from uninoculated roots that were similarly stored for 12, 40 or 120 d at 5 or 12 °C. As susceptibility to rot increased during storage, concurrent changes in defense-related gene expression were identified, including the differential expression of 425 pathogen receptor and 275 phytohormone signal transduction pathway-related genes. Furthermore, plant resistance and hormonal signaling genes that were significantly altered in expression coincident with the change in root susceptibility to storage rots were identified. Further investigation into the function of these genes may ultimately elucidate methods by which storage rot resistance in sugar beet roots may be improved in the future. |
| first_indexed | 2025-02-18T06:40:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3c0fc24d7e7a4f4fb1e60ebc7dc791aa |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-02-18T06:40:58Z |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-3c0fc24d7e7a4f4fb1e60ebc7dc791aa2024-11-10T12:23:27ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222024-11-0114111510.1038/s41598-024-78323-4Sugar beet root susceptibility to storage rots and downregulation of plant defense genes increases with time in storageShyam L. Kandel0John D. Eide1Andrea Firrincieli2Fernando L. Finger3Abbas M. Lafta4Karen K. Fugate5Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, Sugarbeet Research Unit, USDA-ARSEdward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, Sugarbeet Research Unit, USDA-ARSDepartment for Innovation in Biological, Agro-Food and Forest Systems, University of TusciaDepartamento de Agronomia, Universidade Federal de VicosaDepartment of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State UniversityEdward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, Sugarbeet Research Unit, USDA-ARSAbstract Storage rots are a significant cause of postharvest losses for the sugar beet crop, however, intrinsic physiological and genetic factors that determine the susceptibility of roots to pathogen infection and disease development are unknown. Research, therefore, was carried out to evaluate the disease development in sugar beet roots caused by two common storage pathogens as a function of storage duration and storage temperature, and to identify changes in the expression of defense genes that may be influencing the root susceptibility to disease. To evaluate root susceptibility to disease, freshly harvested roots were inoculated with Botrytis cinerea or Penicillium vulpinum on the day of harvest or after 12, 40, or 120 d storage at 5 or 12 °C and the weight of rotted tissue present in the roots after incubation for 35 d after inoculation were determined. Disease susceptibility and progression to B. cinerea and P. vulpinum increased with storage duration with elevations in susceptibility occurring more rapidly to B. cinerea than P. vulpinum. Also, B. cinerea was more aggressive than P. vulpinum and caused greater rotting and tissue damage in postharvest sugar beet roots. Storage temperature had minimal effect on root susceptibility to these rot-causing pathogens. Changes in defense gene expression were determined by sequencing mRNA isolated from uninoculated roots that were similarly stored for 12, 40 or 120 d at 5 or 12 °C. As susceptibility to rot increased during storage, concurrent changes in defense-related gene expression were identified, including the differential expression of 425 pathogen receptor and 275 phytohormone signal transduction pathway-related genes. Furthermore, plant resistance and hormonal signaling genes that were significantly altered in expression coincident with the change in root susceptibility to storage rots were identified. Further investigation into the function of these genes may ultimately elucidate methods by which storage rot resistance in sugar beet roots may be improved in the future.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-78323-4BotrytisPathogen receptorPhytohormone signalingPenicilliumStorageSugar beet |
| spellingShingle | Shyam L. Kandel John D. Eide Andrea Firrincieli Fernando L. Finger Abbas M. Lafta Karen K. Fugate Sugar beet root susceptibility to storage rots and downregulation of plant defense genes increases with time in storage Scientific Reports Botrytis Pathogen receptor Phytohormone signaling Penicillium Storage Sugar beet |
| title | Sugar beet root susceptibility to storage rots and downregulation of plant defense genes increases with time in storage |
| title_full | Sugar beet root susceptibility to storage rots and downregulation of plant defense genes increases with time in storage |
| title_fullStr | Sugar beet root susceptibility to storage rots and downregulation of plant defense genes increases with time in storage |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sugar beet root susceptibility to storage rots and downregulation of plant defense genes increases with time in storage |
| title_short | Sugar beet root susceptibility to storage rots and downregulation of plant defense genes increases with time in storage |
| title_sort | sugar beet root susceptibility to storage rots and downregulation of plant defense genes increases with time in storage |
| topic | Botrytis Pathogen receptor Phytohormone signaling Penicillium Storage Sugar beet |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-78323-4 |
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