Smoking intensity and urinary nicotine metabolites by socioeconomic status in the Heinz Nixdorf Recall study

Smoking intensity and urinary nicotine metabolites by socioeconomic status in the Heinz Nixdorf Recall study

Abstract Background Smoking intensity, which is generally based on self-reported average cigarettes per day (CPD), is a major behavioural risk factor and strongly related to socioeconomic status (SES). To assess the validity of the CPD measure, correlations with objective markers of tobacco smoke ex...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jan Hovanec, Tobias Weiß, Holger M. Koch, Beate Pesch, Thomas Behrens, Benjamin Kendzia, Marina Arendt, Nico Dragano, Susanne Moebus, Börge Schmidt, Thomas Brüning, Karl-Heinz Jöckel
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2022-02-01
Series:BMC Public Health
Subjects:
Information bias
Cotinine
Trans-3′-hydroxy-cotinine
Occupational status
Cigarettes per day
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-12609-y

Internet

https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-12609-y

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