Composition, Color Stability and Antioxidant Properties of Betalain-Based Extracts from Bracts of <i>Bougainvillea</i>
Betalains in bracts of <i>Bougainvillea</i> are of great application potential as natural food colorants and antioxidants. This study explored the color, spectra, composition, storage stability, and antioxidant properties of betalain-based <i>Bougainvillea</i> bracts extracts...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-08-01
|
| Series: | Molecules |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/16/5120 |
| _version_ | 1827617705853714432 |
|---|---|
| author | Qiang Wu Xueying Fu Zhuo Chen Huafeng Wang Jian Wang Zhixin Zhu Guopeng Zhu |
| author_facet | Qiang Wu Xueying Fu Zhuo Chen Huafeng Wang Jian Wang Zhixin Zhu Guopeng Zhu |
| author_sort | Qiang Wu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Betalains in bracts of <i>Bougainvillea</i> are of great application potential as natural food colorants and antioxidants. This study explored the color, spectra, composition, storage stability, and antioxidant properties of betalain-based <i>Bougainvillea</i> bracts extracts (BBEs) to verify their application value. The results showed that <i>Bougainvillea</i> bract color variance is due to varied contents and proportions of betacyanins (Bc) and betaxanthins (Bx). Bc or Bx alone determined hues of purple or yellow, respectively; the co-existence of Bc and Bx would produce varied hues of red. BBEs showed bright color and good antioxidant properties under a wide pH range. The pH range of 5–6 was optimal for the highest color stability, and pHs 3–8 were optimal for stronger antioxidants. Bc mainly underwent color fading during storage, while Bx easily produced dark precipitates or melanism under strong acidic (pH < 4) or alkaline conditions (pH > 8). However, <i>Bougainvillea</i> Bx showed 3–4 times higher antioxidant ability than Bc. Different considerations for Bc and Bx are needed for varied application purposes. The purple bracts containing only Bc would be more suitable as colorant sources, while additional Bx can bring enhancement of antioxidant ability and richness of <i>Bougainvillea</i> extract color. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T09:51:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3e08c5106d134ae9b854994a7629ab90 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T09:51:46Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-3e08c5106d134ae9b854994a7629ab902023-12-02T00:04:07ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492022-08-012716512010.3390/molecules27165120Composition, Color Stability and Antioxidant Properties of Betalain-Based Extracts from Bracts of <i>Bougainvillea</i>Qiang Wu0Xueying Fu1Zhuo Chen2Huafeng Wang3Jian Wang4Zhixin Zhu5Guopeng Zhu6Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, College of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, ChinaKey Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, College of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, ChinaKey Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, College of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, ChinaSanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, ChinaKey Laboratory of Germplasm Resources Biology of Tropical Special Ornamental Plants of Hainan Province, College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, ChinaKey Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, College of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, ChinaKey Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, College of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, ChinaBetalains in bracts of <i>Bougainvillea</i> are of great application potential as natural food colorants and antioxidants. This study explored the color, spectra, composition, storage stability, and antioxidant properties of betalain-based <i>Bougainvillea</i> bracts extracts (BBEs) to verify their application value. The results showed that <i>Bougainvillea</i> bract color variance is due to varied contents and proportions of betacyanins (Bc) and betaxanthins (Bx). Bc or Bx alone determined hues of purple or yellow, respectively; the co-existence of Bc and Bx would produce varied hues of red. BBEs showed bright color and good antioxidant properties under a wide pH range. The pH range of 5–6 was optimal for the highest color stability, and pHs 3–8 were optimal for stronger antioxidants. Bc mainly underwent color fading during storage, while Bx easily produced dark precipitates or melanism under strong acidic (pH < 4) or alkaline conditions (pH > 8). However, <i>Bougainvillea</i> Bx showed 3–4 times higher antioxidant ability than Bc. Different considerations for Bc and Bx are needed for varied application purposes. The purple bracts containing only Bc would be more suitable as colorant sources, while additional Bx can bring enhancement of antioxidant ability and richness of <i>Bougainvillea</i> extract color.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/16/5120<i>Bougainvillea</i>colorantsantioxidantbetalainsbetacyaninsbetaxanthins |
| spellingShingle | Qiang Wu Xueying Fu Zhuo Chen Huafeng Wang Jian Wang Zhixin Zhu Guopeng Zhu Composition, Color Stability and Antioxidant Properties of Betalain-Based Extracts from Bracts of <i>Bougainvillea</i> Molecules <i>Bougainvillea</i> colorants antioxidant betalains betacyanins betaxanthins |
| title | Composition, Color Stability and Antioxidant Properties of Betalain-Based Extracts from Bracts of <i>Bougainvillea</i> |
| title_full | Composition, Color Stability and Antioxidant Properties of Betalain-Based Extracts from Bracts of <i>Bougainvillea</i> |
| title_fullStr | Composition, Color Stability and Antioxidant Properties of Betalain-Based Extracts from Bracts of <i>Bougainvillea</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Composition, Color Stability and Antioxidant Properties of Betalain-Based Extracts from Bracts of <i>Bougainvillea</i> |
| title_short | Composition, Color Stability and Antioxidant Properties of Betalain-Based Extracts from Bracts of <i>Bougainvillea</i> |
| title_sort | composition color stability and antioxidant properties of betalain based extracts from bracts of i bougainvillea i |
| topic | <i>Bougainvillea</i> colorants antioxidant betalains betacyanins betaxanthins |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/16/5120 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT qiangwu compositioncolorstabilityandantioxidantpropertiesofbetalainbasedextractsfrombractsofibougainvilleai AT xueyingfu compositioncolorstabilityandantioxidantpropertiesofbetalainbasedextractsfrombractsofibougainvilleai AT zhuochen compositioncolorstabilityandantioxidantpropertiesofbetalainbasedextractsfrombractsofibougainvilleai AT huafengwang compositioncolorstabilityandantioxidantpropertiesofbetalainbasedextractsfrombractsofibougainvilleai AT jianwang compositioncolorstabilityandantioxidantpropertiesofbetalainbasedextractsfrombractsofibougainvilleai AT zhixinzhu compositioncolorstabilityandantioxidantpropertiesofbetalainbasedextractsfrombractsofibougainvilleai AT guopengzhu compositioncolorstabilityandantioxidantpropertiesofbetalainbasedextractsfrombractsofibougainvilleai |