Antibacterial Activity of Emulsified Pomelo (Citrus grandis Osbeck) Peel Oil and Water-Soluble Chitosan on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli
This study utilized pomelo steam distillation to isolate pomelo peel essential oil. The constituents were then analyzed through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the antibacterial activity of the essential oil emulsions at different homogenizer speed conditions and concentrations of...
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MDPI AG
2018-04-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/23/4/840 |
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| author | Guan-Wen Chen Yu-Hsin Lin Chia-Hua Lin Hsiao-Chin Jen |
| author_facet | Guan-Wen Chen Yu-Hsin Lin Chia-Hua Lin Hsiao-Chin Jen |
| author_sort | Guan-Wen Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study utilized pomelo steam distillation to isolate pomelo peel essential oil. The constituents were then analyzed through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the antibacterial activity of the essential oil emulsions at different homogenizer speed conditions and concentrations of water-soluble chitosan (degree of acetylation, DA = 54.8%) against S. aureus and E. coli was examined. Analysis of the essential oil composition identified a total of 33 compounds with the main constituent, limonene accounting for 87.5% (940.07 mg/g) of the total. The pomelo peel oil was emulsified through homogenization at 24,000 rpm, resulting in a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) for E. coli that was 1.9 times lower than that of the essential oil without homogenization. In addition, a mixture of 0.4% essential oil emulsion and 0.03% water-soluble chitosan had the strongest synergetic antibacterial effect on S. aureus and E. coli at pH 7.4. In comparison with chitosan alone, the MIC value of this mixture was significantly 2.4 and 2.5 times lower. Hence, this study suggests using a mixture of emulsified pomelo peel oil and water-soluble chitosan to develop a novel natural food preservative, and that the processability of food, as well as the economic value of the byproducts of the Taiwan Matou pomelo and chitosan, could be increased. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T09:49:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3f3f180aeb0542a6b62969b56e8addef |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T09:49:35Z |
| publishDate | 2018-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-3f3f180aeb0542a6b62969b56e8addef2022-12-21T23:51:57ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492018-04-0123484010.3390/molecules23040840molecules23040840Antibacterial Activity of Emulsified Pomelo (Citrus grandis Osbeck) Peel Oil and Water-Soluble Chitosan on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coliGuan-Wen Chen0Yu-Hsin Lin1Chia-Hua Lin2Hsiao-Chin Jen3Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, No. 2 Pei-Ning Rd., Keelung 202, TaiwanDepartment of Food Technology and Marketing, Taipei University of Marine Technology, No. 212, Sec. 9, Yan Ping N. Rd., Taipei 111, TaiwanDepartment of Biotechnology, National Formosa University, No. 64, Wunhua Rd, Yunlin 632, TaiwanDepartment of Health Promotion and Gerontological Care, Taipei University of Marine Technology, No. 212, Sec. 9, Yan Ping N. Rd., Taipei 111, TaiwanThis study utilized pomelo steam distillation to isolate pomelo peel essential oil. The constituents were then analyzed through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the antibacterial activity of the essential oil emulsions at different homogenizer speed conditions and concentrations of water-soluble chitosan (degree of acetylation, DA = 54.8%) against S. aureus and E. coli was examined. Analysis of the essential oil composition identified a total of 33 compounds with the main constituent, limonene accounting for 87.5% (940.07 mg/g) of the total. The pomelo peel oil was emulsified through homogenization at 24,000 rpm, resulting in a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) for E. coli that was 1.9 times lower than that of the essential oil without homogenization. In addition, a mixture of 0.4% essential oil emulsion and 0.03% water-soluble chitosan had the strongest synergetic antibacterial effect on S. aureus and E. coli at pH 7.4. In comparison with chitosan alone, the MIC value of this mixture was significantly 2.4 and 2.5 times lower. Hence, this study suggests using a mixture of emulsified pomelo peel oil and water-soluble chitosan to develop a novel natural food preservative, and that the processability of food, as well as the economic value of the byproducts of the Taiwan Matou pomelo and chitosan, could be increased.http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/23/4/840essential oilpomeloantibacterial activityemulsified essential oilwater-soluble chitosan |
| spellingShingle | Guan-Wen Chen Yu-Hsin Lin Chia-Hua Lin Hsiao-Chin Jen Antibacterial Activity of Emulsified Pomelo (Citrus grandis Osbeck) Peel Oil and Water-Soluble Chitosan on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli Molecules essential oil pomelo antibacterial activity emulsified essential oil water-soluble chitosan |
| title | Antibacterial Activity of Emulsified Pomelo (Citrus grandis Osbeck) Peel Oil and Water-Soluble Chitosan on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli |
| title_full | Antibacterial Activity of Emulsified Pomelo (Citrus grandis Osbeck) Peel Oil and Water-Soluble Chitosan on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli |
| title_fullStr | Antibacterial Activity of Emulsified Pomelo (Citrus grandis Osbeck) Peel Oil and Water-Soluble Chitosan on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antibacterial Activity of Emulsified Pomelo (Citrus grandis Osbeck) Peel Oil and Water-Soluble Chitosan on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli |
| title_short | Antibacterial Activity of Emulsified Pomelo (Citrus grandis Osbeck) Peel Oil and Water-Soluble Chitosan on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli |
| title_sort | antibacterial activity of emulsified pomelo citrus grandis osbeck peel oil and water soluble chitosan on staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli |
| topic | essential oil pomelo antibacterial activity emulsified essential oil water-soluble chitosan |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/23/4/840 |
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