Intranasal Atomization of Ketamine, Medetomidine and Butorphanol in Pet Rabbits Using a Mucosal Atomization Device

A non-invasive method of drug delivery, intranasal atomization, has shown positive results in human medicine and in some animal species. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of intranasal atomization, compared to intramuscular administration, of a mix of anesthetic drugs in pet ra...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Mitzy Mauthe von Degerfeld, Matteo Serpieri, Giuseppe Bonaffini, Chiara Ottino, Giuseppe Quaranta
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2023-06-01
Series:Animals
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/13/2076