A mathematical model for supercooling process and its application to frazil ice evolution
Abstract The calculation of the number of ice crystals for the model of frazil ice evolution is very important and affects the whole frazil events. In this paper, the general formula for the number of frazil ice crystals was established considering secondary nucleation, flocculation, gravity and tur...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-33097-z |
| _version_ | 1797845934952939520 |
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| author | Deming Yang Jijian Lian Xin Zhao Qingzhi Hou Yunfei Chen Yue Zhang |
| author_facet | Deming Yang Jijian Lian Xin Zhao Qingzhi Hou Yunfei Chen Yue Zhang |
| author_sort | Deming Yang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The calculation of the number of ice crystals for the model of frazil ice evolution is very important and affects the whole frazil events. In this paper, the general formula for the number of frazil ice crystals was established considering secondary nucleation, flocculation, gravity and turbulent entrainment, and ice crystals by melting. Meanwhile, two physical processes of secondary nucleation and flocculation were expressed by introducing critical impact velocity and the probability of flocculation from previous models. It has been found that the simulation results of frazil ice evolution are in good agreement with the experimental data and actual project. Then, Sobol method is carried out to judge parameters’ influence degree, which found the number of nuclei produced $$E$$ E is the most sensitive and has the greatest influence on the model results. In addition, sensitivity analysis of these parameters shows that they can affect the maximum supercooling and the period of supercooling. Therefore, the calculation method of the number of ice crystals is applied, which provides technical support for exploring the water temperature and internal relationship of frazil ice evolution. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T17:46:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4393e25a3a3f43328684fd34823f2576 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T17:46:58Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-4393e25a3a3f43328684fd34823f25762023-04-16T11:15:19ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222023-04-0113111310.1038/s41598-023-33097-zA mathematical model for supercooling process and its application to frazil ice evolutionDeming Yang0Jijian Lian1Xin Zhao2Qingzhi Hou3Yunfei Chen4Yue Zhang5State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, Tianjin UniversityState Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, Tianjin UniversityState Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, Tianjin UniversityState Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, Tianjin UniversityState Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, Tianjin UniversityState Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, Tianjin UniversityAbstract The calculation of the number of ice crystals for the model of frazil ice evolution is very important and affects the whole frazil events. In this paper, the general formula for the number of frazil ice crystals was established considering secondary nucleation, flocculation, gravity and turbulent entrainment, and ice crystals by melting. Meanwhile, two physical processes of secondary nucleation and flocculation were expressed by introducing critical impact velocity and the probability of flocculation from previous models. It has been found that the simulation results of frazil ice evolution are in good agreement with the experimental data and actual project. Then, Sobol method is carried out to judge parameters’ influence degree, which found the number of nuclei produced $$E$$ E is the most sensitive and has the greatest influence on the model results. In addition, sensitivity analysis of these parameters shows that they can affect the maximum supercooling and the period of supercooling. Therefore, the calculation method of the number of ice crystals is applied, which provides technical support for exploring the water temperature and internal relationship of frazil ice evolution.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-33097-z |
| spellingShingle | Deming Yang Jijian Lian Xin Zhao Qingzhi Hou Yunfei Chen Yue Zhang A mathematical model for supercooling process and its application to frazil ice evolution Scientific Reports |
| title | A mathematical model for supercooling process and its application to frazil ice evolution |
| title_full | A mathematical model for supercooling process and its application to frazil ice evolution |
| title_fullStr | A mathematical model for supercooling process and its application to frazil ice evolution |
| title_full_unstemmed | A mathematical model for supercooling process and its application to frazil ice evolution |
| title_short | A mathematical model for supercooling process and its application to frazil ice evolution |
| title_sort | mathematical model for supercooling process and its application to frazil ice evolution |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-33097-z |
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