Diversity of Chemical Structures and Biosynthesis of Polyphenols in Nut-Bearing Species
Nuts, such as peanut, almond, and chestnut, are valuable food crops for humans being important sources of fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, and polyphenols. Polyphenols, such as flavonoids, stilbenoids, and hydroxycinnamates, represent a group of plant-specialized (secondary) metabolites which are ch...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.642581/full |
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| author | Chaiwat Aneklaphakij Chaiwat Aneklaphakij Tomoki Saigo Mutsumi Watanabe Thomas Naake Alisdair R. Fernie Somnuk Bunsupa Veena Satitpatipan Takayuki Tohge |
| author_facet | Chaiwat Aneklaphakij Chaiwat Aneklaphakij Tomoki Saigo Mutsumi Watanabe Thomas Naake Alisdair R. Fernie Somnuk Bunsupa Veena Satitpatipan Takayuki Tohge |
| author_sort | Chaiwat Aneklaphakij |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nuts, such as peanut, almond, and chestnut, are valuable food crops for humans being important sources of fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, and polyphenols. Polyphenols, such as flavonoids, stilbenoids, and hydroxycinnamates, represent a group of plant-specialized (secondary) metabolites which are characterized as health-beneficial antioxidants within the human diet as well as physiological stress protectants within the plant. In food chemistry research, a multitude of polyphenols contained in culinary nuts have been studied leading to the identification of their chemical properties and bioactivities. Although functional elucidation of the biosynthetic genes of polyphenols in nut species is crucially important for crop improvement in the creation of higher-quality nuts and stress-tolerant cultivars, the chemical diversity of nut polyphenols and the key biosynthetic genes responsible for their production are still largely uncharacterized. However, current technical advances in whole-genome sequencing have facilitated that nut plant species became model plants for omics-based approaches. Here, we review the chemical diversity of seed polyphenols in majorly consumed nut species coupled to insights into their biological activities. Furthermore, we present an example of the annotation of key genes involved in polyphenolic biosynthesis in peanut using comparative genomics as a case study outlining how we are approaching omics-based approaches of the nut plant species. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T09:15:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4b9b476bb9644ad8876aace28065aaa8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T09:15:54Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-4b9b476bb9644ad8876aace28065aaa82022-12-21T21:54:58ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2021-04-011210.3389/fpls.2021.642581642581Diversity of Chemical Structures and Biosynthesis of Polyphenols in Nut-Bearing SpeciesChaiwat Aneklaphakij0Chaiwat Aneklaphakij1Tomoki Saigo2Mutsumi Watanabe3Thomas Naake4Alisdair R. Fernie5Somnuk Bunsupa6Veena Satitpatipan7Takayuki Tohge8Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, ThailandGraduate School of Biological Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, JapanGraduate School of Biological Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, JapanGraduate School of Biological Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, JapanMax-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam, GermanyMax-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam, GermanyDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, ThailandDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, ThailandGraduate School of Biological Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, JapanNuts, such as peanut, almond, and chestnut, are valuable food crops for humans being important sources of fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, and polyphenols. Polyphenols, such as flavonoids, stilbenoids, and hydroxycinnamates, represent a group of plant-specialized (secondary) metabolites which are characterized as health-beneficial antioxidants within the human diet as well as physiological stress protectants within the plant. In food chemistry research, a multitude of polyphenols contained in culinary nuts have been studied leading to the identification of their chemical properties and bioactivities. Although functional elucidation of the biosynthetic genes of polyphenols in nut species is crucially important for crop improvement in the creation of higher-quality nuts and stress-tolerant cultivars, the chemical diversity of nut polyphenols and the key biosynthetic genes responsible for their production are still largely uncharacterized. However, current technical advances in whole-genome sequencing have facilitated that nut plant species became model plants for omics-based approaches. Here, we review the chemical diversity of seed polyphenols in majorly consumed nut species coupled to insights into their biological activities. Furthermore, we present an example of the annotation of key genes involved in polyphenolic biosynthesis in peanut using comparative genomics as a case study outlining how we are approaching omics-based approaches of the nut plant species.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.642581/fullflavonoidschemical diversitynutscomparative genomicspolyphenolshealth benefits |
| spellingShingle | Chaiwat Aneklaphakij Chaiwat Aneklaphakij Tomoki Saigo Mutsumi Watanabe Thomas Naake Alisdair R. Fernie Somnuk Bunsupa Veena Satitpatipan Takayuki Tohge Diversity of Chemical Structures and Biosynthesis of Polyphenols in Nut-Bearing Species Frontiers in Plant Science flavonoids chemical diversity nuts comparative genomics polyphenols health benefits |
| title | Diversity of Chemical Structures and Biosynthesis of Polyphenols in Nut-Bearing Species |
| title_full | Diversity of Chemical Structures and Biosynthesis of Polyphenols in Nut-Bearing Species |
| title_fullStr | Diversity of Chemical Structures and Biosynthesis of Polyphenols in Nut-Bearing Species |
| title_full_unstemmed | Diversity of Chemical Structures and Biosynthesis of Polyphenols in Nut-Bearing Species |
| title_short | Diversity of Chemical Structures and Biosynthesis of Polyphenols in Nut-Bearing Species |
| title_sort | diversity of chemical structures and biosynthesis of polyphenols in nut bearing species |
| topic | flavonoids chemical diversity nuts comparative genomics polyphenols health benefits |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.642581/full |
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