Effects of Isochlorogenic Acid on Ewes Rumen Fermentation, Microbial Diversity and Ewes Immunity of Different Physiological Stages

The effects of isochlorogenic acid (ICGA) on ewes rumen environment, microbial diversity, and immunity at different physiological stages (estrus, pregnancy and lactation) were studied in this experiment. Twenty healthy female Hu lambs of 1.5 months with similar body weight (17.82 ± 0.98 kg) and body...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Shuyan Li, Xiongxiong Li, Yuzhu Sha, Shuai Qi, Xia Zhang, Huning Wang, Zhengwen Wang, Shengguo Zhao, Ting Jiao
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-02-01
Series:Animals
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/14/5/715
_version_ 1797264909265797120
author Shuyan Li
Xiongxiong Li
Yuzhu Sha
Shuai Qi
Xia Zhang
Huning Wang
Zhengwen Wang
Shengguo Zhao
Ting Jiao
author_facet Shuyan Li
Xiongxiong Li
Yuzhu Sha
Shuai Qi
Xia Zhang
Huning Wang
Zhengwen Wang
Shengguo Zhao
Ting Jiao
author_sort Shuyan Li
collection DOAJ
description The effects of isochlorogenic acid (ICGA) on ewes rumen environment, microbial diversity, and immunity at different physiological stages (estrus, pregnancy and lactation) were studied in this experiment. Twenty healthy female Hu lambs of 1.5 months with similar body weight (17.82 ± 0.98 kg) and body condition were selected and randomly divided into two groups: the control group (CON) and the ICGA group (ICGA). The lambs of CON were fed a basal diet, while the lambs of ICGA were supplemented with 0.1% ICGA based on the basal diet. Lambs rumen fermentation characteristics, microbial diversity and immunity at estrus, pregnancy, and lactation stages were determined and analyzed, respectively. The results showed that the rumen pH in CON increased first and then decreased as lambs grew (<i>p</i> < 0.05). However, it showed the opposite change in ICGA. The content of ammonia nitrogen (NH<sub>3</sub>-N) showed the highest at estrus stage in both groups, but it was significantly higher in ICGA than that in CON (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The Acetic acid/propionic acid (A/P) ratio at estrus stage and the volatile fatty acids (VFAs) at pregnancy stage in ICGA were significantly higher than those of the CON (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The 16S rDNA sequencing analysis showed that the Shannon, Chao 1 and ACE indexes of the ICGA were significantly higher than those of the CON both at estrus and lactation stages (<i>p</i> < 0.05), while they showed higher at the pregnancy stage in CON (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that there were significant differences in rumen microorganism structure between CON and ICGA at all physiological stages (<i>p</i> < 0.01). At the phylum level, compared with the CON, <i>Firmicutes</i> relative abundance of three physiological stages decreased (<i>p</i> > 0.05) while <i>Bacteroidota</i> increased (<i>p</i> > 0.05). The relative abundance of <i>Synergistota</i> at estrus stage and <i>Patescibacteria</i> at the lactation stage increased significantly too (<i>p</i> < 0.05). At the genus level, compared with the CON, the relative abundance of <i>Prevotella</i> at three stages showed the highest (<i>p</i> > 0.05), while the relative abundance of <i>Succiniclasticum</i>, <i>unclassified_Selenomonadaceae</i> and <i>Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group</i> showed different abundances at different physiological stages in ICGA. Compared with the CON, the lambs of the ICGA showed higher blood IgG, IgM, and TNF- α contents at three physiological stages and higher IL-6 contents at pregnancy stage (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Conclusion: Adding ICGA could regulate ewes rumen fermentation mode at different physiological stages by increasing rumen NH<sub>3</sub>-N at estrus, VFAs at pregnancy, and the ratio of A/P at lactation. It optimizes rumen microbial flora of different physiological stages by increasing <i>Bacteroidota</i> relative abundance while reducing <i>Firmicutes</i> relative abundance, maintaining rumen microbial homeostasis at pregnant stage, increasing the number of beneficial bacteria in later lactating and ewes blood immunoglobulins content at three physiological stages.
first_indexed 2024-04-25T00:36:23Z
format Article
id doaj.art-4c0d8a05c9c2468ea729f656a33cafdb
institution Directory Open Access Journal
issn 2076-2615
language English
last_indexed 2024-04-25T00:36:23Z
publishDate 2024-02-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Animals
spelling doaj.art-4c0d8a05c9c2468ea729f656a33cafdb2024-03-12T16:38:01ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152024-02-0114571510.3390/ani14050715Effects of Isochlorogenic Acid on Ewes Rumen Fermentation, Microbial Diversity and Ewes Immunity of Different Physiological StagesShuyan Li0Xiongxiong Li1Yuzhu Sha2Shuai Qi3Xia Zhang4Huning Wang5Zhengwen Wang6Shengguo Zhao7Ting Jiao8College of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaCollege of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaCollege of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaCollege of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaCollege of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaCollege of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaThe effects of isochlorogenic acid (ICGA) on ewes rumen environment, microbial diversity, and immunity at different physiological stages (estrus, pregnancy and lactation) were studied in this experiment. Twenty healthy female Hu lambs of 1.5 months with similar body weight (17.82 ± 0.98 kg) and body condition were selected and randomly divided into two groups: the control group (CON) and the ICGA group (ICGA). The lambs of CON were fed a basal diet, while the lambs of ICGA were supplemented with 0.1% ICGA based on the basal diet. Lambs rumen fermentation characteristics, microbial diversity and immunity at estrus, pregnancy, and lactation stages were determined and analyzed, respectively. The results showed that the rumen pH in CON increased first and then decreased as lambs grew (<i>p</i> < 0.05). However, it showed the opposite change in ICGA. The content of ammonia nitrogen (NH<sub>3</sub>-N) showed the highest at estrus stage in both groups, but it was significantly higher in ICGA than that in CON (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The Acetic acid/propionic acid (A/P) ratio at estrus stage and the volatile fatty acids (VFAs) at pregnancy stage in ICGA were significantly higher than those of the CON (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The 16S rDNA sequencing analysis showed that the Shannon, Chao 1 and ACE indexes of the ICGA were significantly higher than those of the CON both at estrus and lactation stages (<i>p</i> < 0.05), while they showed higher at the pregnancy stage in CON (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that there were significant differences in rumen microorganism structure between CON and ICGA at all physiological stages (<i>p</i> < 0.01). At the phylum level, compared with the CON, <i>Firmicutes</i> relative abundance of three physiological stages decreased (<i>p</i> > 0.05) while <i>Bacteroidota</i> increased (<i>p</i> > 0.05). The relative abundance of <i>Synergistota</i> at estrus stage and <i>Patescibacteria</i> at the lactation stage increased significantly too (<i>p</i> < 0.05). At the genus level, compared with the CON, the relative abundance of <i>Prevotella</i> at three stages showed the highest (<i>p</i> > 0.05), while the relative abundance of <i>Succiniclasticum</i>, <i>unclassified_Selenomonadaceae</i> and <i>Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group</i> showed different abundances at different physiological stages in ICGA. Compared with the CON, the lambs of the ICGA showed higher blood IgG, IgM, and TNF- α contents at three physiological stages and higher IL-6 contents at pregnancy stage (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Conclusion: Adding ICGA could regulate ewes rumen fermentation mode at different physiological stages by increasing rumen NH<sub>3</sub>-N at estrus, VFAs at pregnancy, and the ratio of A/P at lactation. It optimizes rumen microbial flora of different physiological stages by increasing <i>Bacteroidota</i> relative abundance while reducing <i>Firmicutes</i> relative abundance, maintaining rumen microbial homeostasis at pregnant stage, increasing the number of beneficial bacteria in later lactating and ewes blood immunoglobulins content at three physiological stages.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/14/5/715isochlorogenic acidewesHu lambsphysiological stagesrumen fermentationrumen microbial diversity
spellingShingle Shuyan Li
Xiongxiong Li
Yuzhu Sha
Shuai Qi
Xia Zhang
Huning Wang
Zhengwen Wang
Shengguo Zhao
Ting Jiao
Effects of Isochlorogenic Acid on Ewes Rumen Fermentation, Microbial Diversity and Ewes Immunity of Different Physiological Stages
Animals
isochlorogenic acid
ewes
Hu lambs
physiological stages
rumen fermentation
rumen microbial diversity
title Effects of Isochlorogenic Acid on Ewes Rumen Fermentation, Microbial Diversity and Ewes Immunity of Different Physiological Stages
title_full Effects of Isochlorogenic Acid on Ewes Rumen Fermentation, Microbial Diversity and Ewes Immunity of Different Physiological Stages
title_fullStr Effects of Isochlorogenic Acid on Ewes Rumen Fermentation, Microbial Diversity and Ewes Immunity of Different Physiological Stages
title_full_unstemmed Effects of Isochlorogenic Acid on Ewes Rumen Fermentation, Microbial Diversity and Ewes Immunity of Different Physiological Stages
title_short Effects of Isochlorogenic Acid on Ewes Rumen Fermentation, Microbial Diversity and Ewes Immunity of Different Physiological Stages
title_sort effects of isochlorogenic acid on ewes rumen fermentation microbial diversity and ewes immunity of different physiological stages
topic isochlorogenic acid
ewes
Hu lambs
physiological stages
rumen fermentation
rumen microbial diversity
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/14/5/715
work_keys_str_mv AT shuyanli effectsofisochlorogenicacidonewesrumenfermentationmicrobialdiversityandewesimmunityofdifferentphysiologicalstages
AT xiongxiongli effectsofisochlorogenicacidonewesrumenfermentationmicrobialdiversityandewesimmunityofdifferentphysiologicalstages
AT yuzhusha effectsofisochlorogenicacidonewesrumenfermentationmicrobialdiversityandewesimmunityofdifferentphysiologicalstages
AT shuaiqi effectsofisochlorogenicacidonewesrumenfermentationmicrobialdiversityandewesimmunityofdifferentphysiologicalstages
AT xiazhang effectsofisochlorogenicacidonewesrumenfermentationmicrobialdiversityandewesimmunityofdifferentphysiologicalstages
AT huningwang effectsofisochlorogenicacidonewesrumenfermentationmicrobialdiversityandewesimmunityofdifferentphysiologicalstages
AT zhengwenwang effectsofisochlorogenicacidonewesrumenfermentationmicrobialdiversityandewesimmunityofdifferentphysiologicalstages
AT shengguozhao effectsofisochlorogenicacidonewesrumenfermentationmicrobialdiversityandewesimmunityofdifferentphysiologicalstages
AT tingjiao effectsofisochlorogenicacidonewesrumenfermentationmicrobialdiversityandewesimmunityofdifferentphysiologicalstages