Ceramide transfer protein deficiency compromises organelle function and leads to senescence in primary cells.
Ceramide transfer protein (CERT) transfers ceramide from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi complex. Its deficiency in mouse leads to embryonic death at E11.5. CERT deficient embryos die from cardiac failure due to defective organogenesis, but not due to ceramide induced apoptotic or necrot...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2014-01-01
|
| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3958450?pdf=render |
| _version_ | 1819048463607791616 |
|---|---|
| author | Raghavendra Pralhada Rao Luana Scheffer Sargur M Srideshikan Velayoudame Parthibane Teresa Kosakowska-Cholody M Athar Masood Kunio Nagashima Prabhakar Gudla Stephen Lockett Usha Acharya Jairaj K Acharya |
| author_facet | Raghavendra Pralhada Rao Luana Scheffer Sargur M Srideshikan Velayoudame Parthibane Teresa Kosakowska-Cholody M Athar Masood Kunio Nagashima Prabhakar Gudla Stephen Lockett Usha Acharya Jairaj K Acharya |
| author_sort | Raghavendra Pralhada Rao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ceramide transfer protein (CERT) transfers ceramide from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi complex. Its deficiency in mouse leads to embryonic death at E11.5. CERT deficient embryos die from cardiac failure due to defective organogenesis, but not due to ceramide induced apoptotic or necrotic cell death. In the current study we examined the effect of CERT deficiency in a primary cell line, namely, mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). We show that in MEFs, unlike in mutant embryos, lack of CERT does not lead to increased ceramide but causes an accumulation of hexosylceramides. Nevertheless, the defects due to defective sphingolipid metabolism that ensue, when ceramide fails to be trafficked from ER to the Golgi complex, compromise the viability of the cell. Therefore, MEFs display an incipient ER stress. While we observe that ceramide trafficking from ER to the Golgi complex is compromised, the forward transport of VSVG-GFP protein is unhindered from ER to Golgi complex to the plasma membrane. However, retrograde trafficking of the plasma membrane-associated cholera toxin B to the Golgi complex is reduced. The dysregulated sphingolipid metabolism also leads to increased mitochondrial hexosylceramide. The mitochondrial functions are also compromised in mutant MEFs since they have reduced ATP levels, have increased reactive oxygen species, and show increased glutathione reductase activity. Live-cell imaging shows that the mutant mitochondria exhibit reduced fission and fusion events. The mitochondrial dysfunction leads to an increased mitophagy in the CERT mutant MEFs. The compromised organelle function compromise cell viability and results in premature senescence of these MEFs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T11:16:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4c992b7b2fd14b4dbb5851f88bb3c45e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T11:16:40Z |
| publishDate | 2014-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-4c992b7b2fd14b4dbb5851f88bb3c45e2022-12-21T19:05:54ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032014-01-0193e9214210.1371/journal.pone.0092142Ceramide transfer protein deficiency compromises organelle function and leads to senescence in primary cells.Raghavendra Pralhada RaoLuana SchefferSargur M SrideshikanVelayoudame ParthibaneTeresa Kosakowska-CholodyM Athar MasoodKunio NagashimaPrabhakar GudlaStephen LockettUsha AcharyaJairaj K AcharyaCeramide transfer protein (CERT) transfers ceramide from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi complex. Its deficiency in mouse leads to embryonic death at E11.5. CERT deficient embryos die from cardiac failure due to defective organogenesis, but not due to ceramide induced apoptotic or necrotic cell death. In the current study we examined the effect of CERT deficiency in a primary cell line, namely, mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). We show that in MEFs, unlike in mutant embryos, lack of CERT does not lead to increased ceramide but causes an accumulation of hexosylceramides. Nevertheless, the defects due to defective sphingolipid metabolism that ensue, when ceramide fails to be trafficked from ER to the Golgi complex, compromise the viability of the cell. Therefore, MEFs display an incipient ER stress. While we observe that ceramide trafficking from ER to the Golgi complex is compromised, the forward transport of VSVG-GFP protein is unhindered from ER to Golgi complex to the plasma membrane. However, retrograde trafficking of the plasma membrane-associated cholera toxin B to the Golgi complex is reduced. The dysregulated sphingolipid metabolism also leads to increased mitochondrial hexosylceramide. The mitochondrial functions are also compromised in mutant MEFs since they have reduced ATP levels, have increased reactive oxygen species, and show increased glutathione reductase activity. Live-cell imaging shows that the mutant mitochondria exhibit reduced fission and fusion events. The mitochondrial dysfunction leads to an increased mitophagy in the CERT mutant MEFs. The compromised organelle function compromise cell viability and results in premature senescence of these MEFs.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3958450?pdf=render |
| spellingShingle | Raghavendra Pralhada Rao Luana Scheffer Sargur M Srideshikan Velayoudame Parthibane Teresa Kosakowska-Cholody M Athar Masood Kunio Nagashima Prabhakar Gudla Stephen Lockett Usha Acharya Jairaj K Acharya Ceramide transfer protein deficiency compromises organelle function and leads to senescence in primary cells. PLoS ONE |
| title | Ceramide transfer protein deficiency compromises organelle function and leads to senescence in primary cells. |
| title_full | Ceramide transfer protein deficiency compromises organelle function and leads to senescence in primary cells. |
| title_fullStr | Ceramide transfer protein deficiency compromises organelle function and leads to senescence in primary cells. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ceramide transfer protein deficiency compromises organelle function and leads to senescence in primary cells. |
| title_short | Ceramide transfer protein deficiency compromises organelle function and leads to senescence in primary cells. |
| title_sort | ceramide transfer protein deficiency compromises organelle function and leads to senescence in primary cells |
| url | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3958450?pdf=render |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT raghavendrapralhadarao ceramidetransferproteindeficiencycompromisesorganellefunctionandleadstosenescenceinprimarycells AT luanascheffer ceramidetransferproteindeficiencycompromisesorganellefunctionandleadstosenescenceinprimarycells AT sargurmsrideshikan ceramidetransferproteindeficiencycompromisesorganellefunctionandleadstosenescenceinprimarycells AT velayoudameparthibane ceramidetransferproteindeficiencycompromisesorganellefunctionandleadstosenescenceinprimarycells AT teresakosakowskacholody ceramidetransferproteindeficiencycompromisesorganellefunctionandleadstosenescenceinprimarycells AT matharmasood ceramidetransferproteindeficiencycompromisesorganellefunctionandleadstosenescenceinprimarycells AT kunionagashima ceramidetransferproteindeficiencycompromisesorganellefunctionandleadstosenescenceinprimarycells AT prabhakargudla ceramidetransferproteindeficiencycompromisesorganellefunctionandleadstosenescenceinprimarycells AT stephenlockett ceramidetransferproteindeficiencycompromisesorganellefunctionandleadstosenescenceinprimarycells AT ushaacharya ceramidetransferproteindeficiencycompromisesorganellefunctionandleadstosenescenceinprimarycells AT jairajkacharya ceramidetransferproteindeficiencycompromisesorganellefunctionandleadstosenescenceinprimarycells |