Concentrations of Cobalt, Chromium and Titanium and Immunological Changes after Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty—A Cohort Study with an 18-Year Follow-Up
<b>Background:</b> Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) generates elevated metal ion concentrations, but long-term changes in the concentrations of cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr) and titanium (Ti) after primary TKA and potential subsequent immune system activation—not limited to the joint but syste...
Main Authors: | , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/13/4/951 |