PD‐L1 expressed from tumor cells promotes tumor growth and invasion in lung cancer via modulating TGF‐β1/SMAD4 expression
Abstract Background Programmed death ligand‐1 (PD‐L1) has a known association with the prognosis of human cancers because of its ability to alter tumor immune surveillance via its interaction with PD‐1. We questioned whether expression of PD‐L1 in tumor cells could directly promote tumor growth and...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Thoracic Cancer |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1111/1759-7714.14388 |