| Summary: | This study aimed to analyze the genetic diversity of selected cultivars and clones of <i>Lonicera</i> sp. (edible honeysuckle) from two countries with different climatic and soil conditions. Accordingly, the determination of total polyphenols content (TPC) and total antioxidant activity (TAA) in fruits of <i>Lonicera</i> sp. in 2018–2019 was performed. Applied statistical methods evaluating TPC and TAA were: correlation and regression, ANOVA, and agglomerative hierarchical clustering. The neighbor-joining method and gel images analysis (PyElph software, Pavel and Vasile, Bucharest, Romania) were used for genetic analysis. The average TPC of all cultivars and clones was 5.32 mg L<sup>−1</sup> in the year 2018 and 3.78 mg L<sup>−1</sup> in 2019. The average TAA values of all samples in 2018 were 8.24 mg L<sup>−1</sup>, and 9.27 mg L<sup>−1</sup> in 2019. Statistically significant correlations between years and cultivars and clones were found. Based on the lengths and number of fragments by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR’s, it was found that ‘clone 5’ and ‘clone 7’ were genetically close to the grown cultivars from the Czech Republic. Therefore, edible honeysuckle fruits are a valuable source of important nutrients for the human body and its health.
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