| Summary: | Objective:This study aims to observe the effects of transplantation of umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells (UCBMCs) on the expression of interleukin (IL)-1β and explore the mechanism via the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway in hypoxic-ischemic neonatal rats.Methods:Seven-day-old Sprague-Dawley neonatal rats were randomly divided into Sham, hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD), and UCBMC groups. The HIBD model was prepared by Rice-Vannucci method, and UCBMC were transplanted 24 h after HIBD in the UCBMC group. At 7 days after transplantation, changes in neurons and the TLR4 protein were examined by neuronal nuclei (NeuN)/TLR4 immunofluorescence staining. The expression of pNF-κB and IL-1β proteins was detected by immunohistochemical staining and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results:The percentage of NeuN+DAPI+ cells in the injured cortex in the UCBMC group was significantly higher than that in the HIBD group and lower than that in the Sham group (P +TLR4+DAPI+cells in the UCBMC group was significantly lower than that in the HIBD group (P P + cells were observed in the HIBD group than in Sham and UCBMC groups (P + cells were observed in the UCBMC group than in the Sham group (P P Conclusions:UCBMC transplantation could inhibit the IL-1β protein expression in the injured cortex, thereby alleviating HIBD in neonatal rats. The underlying mechanism might be associated with the down- regulation of TLR4 and pNF-κB proteins.
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