Seasonal and inter-annual variation in exposure to peregrines (Falco peregrinus) for southbound western sandpipers (Calidris mauri)
Abstract Background The western sandpiper (Calidris mauri) is an early southbound migrant species in North America. The ‘peregrine avoidance’ hypothesis proposes that this timing evolved to reduce exposure to their main predator, the peregrine (Falco peregrinus), along the Pacific flyway. Methods I...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Movement Ecology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40462-022-00343-4 |