Toward Enhanced Antioxidant and Protective Potential: Conjugation of Corn Cob Xylan with Gallic Acid as a Novel Approach
Maize ranks as the second most widely produced crop globally, yielding approximately 1.2 billion tons, with corn cob being its primary byproduct, constituting 18 kg per 100 kg of corn. Agricultural corn production generates bioactive polysaccharide-rich byproducts, including xylan (Xyl). In this stu...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-03-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/5/2855 |
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| author | Isabelle Luna Oliveira Dantas-Berto Rony Lucas Silva Viana Mayara Jane Campos de Medeiros Leonardo Thiago Duarte Barreto Nobre Ana Carolina Luchiari Valquíria Pereira Medeiros Weslley Souza Paiva Raniere Fagundes Melo-Silveira Hugo Alexandre Oliveira Rocha |
| author_facet | Isabelle Luna Oliveira Dantas-Berto Rony Lucas Silva Viana Mayara Jane Campos de Medeiros Leonardo Thiago Duarte Barreto Nobre Ana Carolina Luchiari Valquíria Pereira Medeiros Weslley Souza Paiva Raniere Fagundes Melo-Silveira Hugo Alexandre Oliveira Rocha |
| author_sort | Isabelle Luna Oliveira Dantas-Berto |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Maize ranks as the second most widely produced crop globally, yielding approximately 1.2 billion tons, with corn cob being its primary byproduct, constituting 18 kg per 100 kg of corn. Agricultural corn production generates bioactive polysaccharide-rich byproducts, including xylan (Xyl). In this study, we used the redox method to modify corn cob xylan with gallic acid, aiming to enhance its antioxidant and protective capacity against oxidative stress. The conjugation process resulted in a new molecule termed conjugated xylan–gallic acid (Xyl-GA), exhibiting notable improvements in various antioxidant parameters, including total antioxidant capacity (1.4-fold increase), reducing power (1.2-fold increase), hydroxyl radical scavenging (1.6-fold increase), and cupric chelation (27.5-fold increase) when compared with unmodified Xyl. At a concentration of 1 mg/mL, Xyl-GA demonstrated no cytotoxicity, significantly increased fibroblast cell viability (approximately 80%), and effectively mitigated intracellular ROS levels (reduced by 100%) following oxidative damage induced by H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. Furthermore, Xyl-GA exhibited non-toxicity toward zebrafish embryos, offered protection against H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-induced stress, and reduced the rate of cells undergoing apoptosis resulting from H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> exposure. In conclusion, our findings suggest that Xyl-GA possesses potential therapeutic value in addressing oxidative stress-related disturbances. Further investigations are warranted to elucidate the molecular structure of this novel compound and establish correlations with its pharmacological activities. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:27:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-50da7d831f354137ac350e9b2716f04c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:27:37Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-50da7d831f354137ac350e9b2716f04c2024-03-12T16:46:34ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672024-03-01255285510.3390/ijms25052855Toward Enhanced Antioxidant and Protective Potential: Conjugation of Corn Cob Xylan with Gallic Acid as a Novel ApproachIsabelle Luna Oliveira Dantas-Berto0Rony Lucas Silva Viana1Mayara Jane Campos de Medeiros2Leonardo Thiago Duarte Barreto Nobre3Ana Carolina Luchiari4Valquíria Pereira Medeiros5Weslley Souza Paiva6Raniere Fagundes Melo-Silveira7Hugo Alexandre Oliveira Rocha8Graduate Program of Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, BrazilLaboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Graduate Program of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bioscience Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte—UFRN, Natal 59078-970, RN, BrazilCoordination Chemistry and Polymers Laboratory (LQCPol), Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, BrazilLaboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Graduate Program of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bioscience Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte—UFRN, Natal 59078-970, RN, BrazilLaboratory of Ornamental Fish, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, RN, BrazilDepartment of Biochemistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, MG, BrazilLaboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Graduate Program of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bioscience Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte—UFRN, Natal 59078-970, RN, BrazilLaboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Graduate Program of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bioscience Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte—UFRN, Natal 59078-970, RN, BrazilGraduate Program of Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, BrazilMaize ranks as the second most widely produced crop globally, yielding approximately 1.2 billion tons, with corn cob being its primary byproduct, constituting 18 kg per 100 kg of corn. Agricultural corn production generates bioactive polysaccharide-rich byproducts, including xylan (Xyl). In this study, we used the redox method to modify corn cob xylan with gallic acid, aiming to enhance its antioxidant and protective capacity against oxidative stress. The conjugation process resulted in a new molecule termed conjugated xylan–gallic acid (Xyl-GA), exhibiting notable improvements in various antioxidant parameters, including total antioxidant capacity (1.4-fold increase), reducing power (1.2-fold increase), hydroxyl radical scavenging (1.6-fold increase), and cupric chelation (27.5-fold increase) when compared with unmodified Xyl. At a concentration of 1 mg/mL, Xyl-GA demonstrated no cytotoxicity, significantly increased fibroblast cell viability (approximately 80%), and effectively mitigated intracellular ROS levels (reduced by 100%) following oxidative damage induced by H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. Furthermore, Xyl-GA exhibited non-toxicity toward zebrafish embryos, offered protection against H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-induced stress, and reduced the rate of cells undergoing apoptosis resulting from H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> exposure. In conclusion, our findings suggest that Xyl-GA possesses potential therapeutic value in addressing oxidative stress-related disturbances. Further investigations are warranted to elucidate the molecular structure of this novel compound and establish correlations with its pharmacological activities.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/5/2855modified polysaccharidesoxidative stressoxidative damagezebrafish |
| spellingShingle | Isabelle Luna Oliveira Dantas-Berto Rony Lucas Silva Viana Mayara Jane Campos de Medeiros Leonardo Thiago Duarte Barreto Nobre Ana Carolina Luchiari Valquíria Pereira Medeiros Weslley Souza Paiva Raniere Fagundes Melo-Silveira Hugo Alexandre Oliveira Rocha Toward Enhanced Antioxidant and Protective Potential: Conjugation of Corn Cob Xylan with Gallic Acid as a Novel Approach International Journal of Molecular Sciences modified polysaccharides oxidative stress oxidative damage zebrafish |
| title | Toward Enhanced Antioxidant and Protective Potential: Conjugation of Corn Cob Xylan with Gallic Acid as a Novel Approach |
| title_full | Toward Enhanced Antioxidant and Protective Potential: Conjugation of Corn Cob Xylan with Gallic Acid as a Novel Approach |
| title_fullStr | Toward Enhanced Antioxidant and Protective Potential: Conjugation of Corn Cob Xylan with Gallic Acid as a Novel Approach |
| title_full_unstemmed | Toward Enhanced Antioxidant and Protective Potential: Conjugation of Corn Cob Xylan with Gallic Acid as a Novel Approach |
| title_short | Toward Enhanced Antioxidant and Protective Potential: Conjugation of Corn Cob Xylan with Gallic Acid as a Novel Approach |
| title_sort | toward enhanced antioxidant and protective potential conjugation of corn cob xylan with gallic acid as a novel approach |
| topic | modified polysaccharides oxidative stress oxidative damage zebrafish |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/5/2855 |
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