Fatty acids linked to cardiovascular mortality are associated with risk factors
Background: Although saturated fatty acids (FAs) have been linked to cardiovascular mortality, it is not clear whether this outcome is attributable solely to their effects on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) or whether other risk factors are also associated with FAs. The Western Alaskan N...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Taylor & Francis Group
2015-08-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Circumpolar Health |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.circumpolarhealthjournal.net/index.php/ijch/article/view/28055/pdf_24 |
| _version_ | 1811294792454242304 |
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| author | Sven O. E. Ebbesson Venkata S. Voruganti Paul B. Higgins Richard R. Fabsitz Lars O. Ebbesson Sandra Laston William S. Harris John Kennish Benjamin D. Umans Hong Wang Richard B. Devereux Peter M. Okin Neil J. Weissman Jean W. MacCluer Jason G. Umans Barbara V. Howard |
| author_facet | Sven O. E. Ebbesson Venkata S. Voruganti Paul B. Higgins Richard R. Fabsitz Lars O. Ebbesson Sandra Laston William S. Harris John Kennish Benjamin D. Umans Hong Wang Richard B. Devereux Peter M. Okin Neil J. Weissman Jean W. MacCluer Jason G. Umans Barbara V. Howard |
| author_sort | Sven O. E. Ebbesson |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Although saturated fatty acids (FAs) have been linked to cardiovascular mortality, it is not clear whether this outcome is attributable solely to their effects on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) or whether other risk factors are also associated with FAs. The Western Alaskan Native population, with its rapidly changing lifestyles, shift in diet from unsaturated to saturated fatty acids and dramatic increase in cardiovascular disease (CVD), presents an opportunity to elucidate any associations between specific FAs and known CVD risk factors. Objective: We tested the hypothesis that the specific FAs previously identified as related to CVD mortality are also associated with individual CVD risk factors. Methods: In this community-based, cross-sectional study, relative proportions of FAs in plasma and red blood cell membranes were compared with CVD risk factors in a sample of 758 men and women aged ≥35 years. Linear regression analyses were used to analyze relations between specific FAs and CVD risk factors (LDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, C-reactive protein, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, body mass index, fasting glucose and fasting insulin, 2-hour glucose and 2-hour insulin). Results: The specific saturated FAs previously identified as related to CVD mortality, the palmitic and myristic acids, were adversely associated with most CVD risk factors, whereas unsaturated linoleic acid (18:2n-6) and the marine n-3 FAs were not associated or were beneficially associated with CVD risk factors. Conclusions: The results suggest that CVD risk factors are more extensively affected by individual FAs than hitherto recognized, and that risk for CVD, MI and stroke can be reduced by reducing the intake of palmitate, myristic acid and simple carbohydrates and improved by greater intake of linoleic acid and marine n-3 FAs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T05:23:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-52b11076cdad4576abfd933a79e45c93 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2242-3982 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T05:23:52Z |
| publishDate | 2015-08-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Circumpolar Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-52b11076cdad4576abfd933a79e45c932022-12-22T03:00:40ZengTaylor & Francis GroupInternational Journal of Circumpolar Health2242-39822015-08-0174011110.3402/ijch.v74.2805528055Fatty acids linked to cardiovascular mortality are associated with risk factorsSven O. E. Ebbesson0Venkata S. Voruganti1Paul B. Higgins2Richard R. Fabsitz3Lars O. Ebbesson4Sandra Laston5William S. Harris6John Kennish7Benjamin D. Umans8Hong Wang9Richard B. Devereux10Peter M. Okin11Neil J. Weissman12Jean W. MacCluer13Jason G. Umans14Barbara V. Howard15 Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA Department of Nutrition and UNC Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, USA Kunming Biomed International, Yunnan, China National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA Uni Targeting Research AS, Bergen, Norway Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA Department of Medicine, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD, USA Department of Chemistry, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK, USA Department of Statistics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK MedStar Health Research Institute, Hyattsville, MD, USA Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA MedStar Health Research Institute, Hyattsville, MD, USA Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA MedStar Health Research Institute, Hyattsville, MD, USA MedStar Health Research Institute, Hyattsville, MD, USABackground: Although saturated fatty acids (FAs) have been linked to cardiovascular mortality, it is not clear whether this outcome is attributable solely to their effects on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) or whether other risk factors are also associated with FAs. The Western Alaskan Native population, with its rapidly changing lifestyles, shift in diet from unsaturated to saturated fatty acids and dramatic increase in cardiovascular disease (CVD), presents an opportunity to elucidate any associations between specific FAs and known CVD risk factors. Objective: We tested the hypothesis that the specific FAs previously identified as related to CVD mortality are also associated with individual CVD risk factors. Methods: In this community-based, cross-sectional study, relative proportions of FAs in plasma and red blood cell membranes were compared with CVD risk factors in a sample of 758 men and women aged ≥35 years. Linear regression analyses were used to analyze relations between specific FAs and CVD risk factors (LDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, C-reactive protein, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, body mass index, fasting glucose and fasting insulin, 2-hour glucose and 2-hour insulin). Results: The specific saturated FAs previously identified as related to CVD mortality, the palmitic and myristic acids, were adversely associated with most CVD risk factors, whereas unsaturated linoleic acid (18:2n-6) and the marine n-3 FAs were not associated or were beneficially associated with CVD risk factors. Conclusions: The results suggest that CVD risk factors are more extensively affected by individual FAs than hitherto recognized, and that risk for CVD, MI and stroke can be reduced by reducing the intake of palmitate, myristic acid and simple carbohydrates and improved by greater intake of linoleic acid and marine n-3 FAs.http://www.circumpolarhealthjournal.net/index.php/ijch/article/view/28055/pdf_24Alaska Nativescardiovascular risk factorsdietary fat consumptionfatty acidsfish oil consumptionInuitsaturated fatty acids |
| spellingShingle | Sven O. E. Ebbesson Venkata S. Voruganti Paul B. Higgins Richard R. Fabsitz Lars O. Ebbesson Sandra Laston William S. Harris John Kennish Benjamin D. Umans Hong Wang Richard B. Devereux Peter M. Okin Neil J. Weissman Jean W. MacCluer Jason G. Umans Barbara V. Howard Fatty acids linked to cardiovascular mortality are associated with risk factors International Journal of Circumpolar Health Alaska Natives cardiovascular risk factors dietary fat consumption fatty acids fish oil consumption Inuit saturated fatty acids |
| title | Fatty acids linked to cardiovascular mortality are associated with risk factors |
| title_full | Fatty acids linked to cardiovascular mortality are associated with risk factors |
| title_fullStr | Fatty acids linked to cardiovascular mortality are associated with risk factors |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fatty acids linked to cardiovascular mortality are associated with risk factors |
| title_short | Fatty acids linked to cardiovascular mortality are associated with risk factors |
| title_sort | fatty acids linked to cardiovascular mortality are associated with risk factors |
| topic | Alaska Natives cardiovascular risk factors dietary fat consumption fatty acids fish oil consumption Inuit saturated fatty acids |
| url | http://www.circumpolarhealthjournal.net/index.php/ijch/article/view/28055/pdf_24 |
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