Criticality Analysis of the Lower Ionosphere Perturbations Prior to the 2016 Kumamoto (Japan) Earthquakes as Based on VLF Electromagnetic Wave Propagation Data Observed at Multiple Stations

The perturbations of the ionosphere which are observed prior to significant earthquakes (EQs) have long been investigated and could be considered promising for short-term EQ prediction. One way to monitor ionospheric perturbations is by studying VLF/LF electromagnetic wave propagation through the lo...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Stelios M. Potirakis, Tomokazu Asano, Masashi Hayakawa
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2018-03-01
Series:Entropy
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/20/3/199