Pulmonary Congestion at Rest and Abnormal Ventilation During Exercise in Chronic Systolic Heart Failure
Background In patients with chronic heart failure, abnormal ventilation at cardiopulmonary testing (expressed by minute ventilation‐to‐carbon dioxide production, or VE/VCO2 slope, and resting end‐tidal CO2 pressure) may derive either from abnormal autonomic or chemoreflex regulation or from lung dys...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Wiley
2015-05-01
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Series: | Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.114.001678 |