Chemical- and Drug-Induced Allergic, Inflammatory, and Autoimmune Diseases Via Haptenation

Chemical- and Drug-Induced Allergic, Inflammatory, and Autoimmune Diseases Via Haptenation

Haptens are small molecules that only elicit an immune response when bound to proteins. Haptens initially bind to self-proteins and activate innate immune responses by complex mechanisms via inflammatory cytokines and damage-associated molecular patterns and the subsequent upregulation of costimulat...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Eri Sakamoto, Yasuhiro Katahira, Izuru Mizoguchi, Aruma Watanabe, Yuma Furusaka, Ami Sekine, Miu Yamagishi, Jukito Sonoda, Satomi Miyakawa, Shinya Inoue, Hideaki Hasegawa, Kazuyuki Yo, Fumiya Yamaji, Akemi Toyoda, Takayuki Yoshimoto
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2023-01-01
Series:Biology
Subjects:
hapten
pro-haptens
allergic disease
autoimmune disease
inflammatory disease
sensitization
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/12/1/123

Internet

https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/12/1/123

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