Introducing Nafion for In Situ Desalting and Biofluid Profiling in Spray Mass Spectrometry
We introduce Nafion into the ambient ionization technique of spray mass spectrometry to serve for in situ desalting and direct analysis of biological fluids. Nafion was coated onto the surface of the triangular spray tip as the cation exchange material. Because the sulfonic group from the Nafion mem...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Chemistry |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fchem.2021.807244/full |
| _version_ | 1818954772307247104 |
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| author | Xiaowei Song Xiaowei Song Mohammad Mofidfar Richard N. Zare |
| author_facet | Xiaowei Song Xiaowei Song Mohammad Mofidfar Richard N. Zare |
| author_sort | Xiaowei Song |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We introduce Nafion into the ambient ionization technique of spray mass spectrometry to serve for in situ desalting and direct analysis of biological fluids. Nafion was coated onto the surface of the triangular spray tip as the cation exchange material. Because the sulfonic group from the Nafion membrane effectively exchanges their carried protons with inorganic salt ions (e.g., Na+ and K+), the analyte’s ionization efficiency can be significantly enhanced by reducing ion suppression. The desalting efficiency can reach 90% and the maximum tolerance of the absolute salt amount reaches 100 μmol. The mass spectral profile can also be simplified by removing the multiple adducted ion types from small-molecule drugs and metabolites ([M + Na]+ and [M + K]+), or multiply charged ions formed by proteins ([M + nNa]n+ and [M + nK]n+). Thus, the Nafion coating makes less ambiguous data interpretation collected from spray mass spectrometry for qualitative profiling or quantitative measurement of a target analyte. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T10:27:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5584d3f013024959ae133801e03e19f3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-2646 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T10:27:29Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Chemistry |
| spelling | doaj.art-5584d3f013024959ae133801e03e19f32022-12-21T19:43:47ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Chemistry2296-26462022-01-01910.3389/fchem.2021.807244807244Introducing Nafion for In Situ Desalting and Biofluid Profiling in Spray Mass SpectrometryXiaowei Song0Xiaowei Song1Mohammad Mofidfar2Richard N. Zare3Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United StatesDepartment of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United StatesDepartment of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United StatesWe introduce Nafion into the ambient ionization technique of spray mass spectrometry to serve for in situ desalting and direct analysis of biological fluids. Nafion was coated onto the surface of the triangular spray tip as the cation exchange material. Because the sulfonic group from the Nafion membrane effectively exchanges their carried protons with inorganic salt ions (e.g., Na+ and K+), the analyte’s ionization efficiency can be significantly enhanced by reducing ion suppression. The desalting efficiency can reach 90% and the maximum tolerance of the absolute salt amount reaches 100 μmol. The mass spectral profile can also be simplified by removing the multiple adducted ion types from small-molecule drugs and metabolites ([M + Na]+ and [M + K]+), or multiply charged ions formed by proteins ([M + nNa]n+ and [M + nK]n+). Thus, the Nafion coating makes less ambiguous data interpretation collected from spray mass spectrometry for qualitative profiling or quantitative measurement of a target analyte.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fchem.2021.807244/fullNafiondesaltingspray mass spectrometrybiofluidmetabolic profiling |
| spellingShingle | Xiaowei Song Xiaowei Song Mohammad Mofidfar Richard N. Zare Introducing Nafion for In Situ Desalting and Biofluid Profiling in Spray Mass Spectrometry Frontiers in Chemistry Nafion desalting spray mass spectrometry biofluid metabolic profiling |
| title | Introducing Nafion for In Situ Desalting and Biofluid Profiling in Spray Mass Spectrometry |
| title_full | Introducing Nafion for In Situ Desalting and Biofluid Profiling in Spray Mass Spectrometry |
| title_fullStr | Introducing Nafion for In Situ Desalting and Biofluid Profiling in Spray Mass Spectrometry |
| title_full_unstemmed | Introducing Nafion for In Situ Desalting and Biofluid Profiling in Spray Mass Spectrometry |
| title_short | Introducing Nafion for In Situ Desalting and Biofluid Profiling in Spray Mass Spectrometry |
| title_sort | introducing nafion for in situ desalting and biofluid profiling in spray mass spectrometry |
| topic | Nafion desalting spray mass spectrometry biofluid metabolic profiling |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fchem.2021.807244/full |
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