Characterization of Changes in Polyphenols, Antioxidant Capacity and Physico-Chemical Parameters during Lowbush Blueberry Fruit Ripening
Changes in major polyphenols, antioxidant capacity, and selected physico-chemical parameters were examined in lowbush blueberry during fruit ripening. Polyphenols (phenolic acids, flavonols, flavan-3-ols, and anthocyanins), density, soluble solid content, pH, titratable acidity, sugars, organic acid...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2013-10-01
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| Series: | Antioxidants |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/2/4/216 |
| _version_ | 1797763278725709824 |
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| author | Lara Gibson H. P. Vasantha Rupasinghe Charles F. Forney Leonard Eaton |
| author_facet | Lara Gibson H. P. Vasantha Rupasinghe Charles F. Forney Leonard Eaton |
| author_sort | Lara Gibson |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Changes in major polyphenols, antioxidant capacity, and selected physico-chemical parameters were examined in lowbush blueberry during fruit ripening. Polyphenols (phenolic acids, flavonols, flavan-3-ols, and anthocyanins), density, soluble solid content, pH, titratable acidity, sugars, organic acids, and antioxidant capacity were determined in fruits of four maturities: green, pink/red, blue, and over-mature. Highest concentrations of flavonols, flavan-3-ols, and phenolic acids were in green fruits: 168 ± 107, 119 ± 29 and 543 ± 91 mg/100 g dry weight (DW) respectively. Highest anthocyanin levels were found in blue and over-mature fruits (1011–1060 mg/100 DW). Chlorogenic acid was the most abundant phenolic acid and quercetin-3-O-galactoside the most abundant flavonol in all maturities. Epicatechin was the most abundant flavan-3-ol in green fruits (80 ± 20 mg/100 DW), and catechin was the most abundant in other maturity stages. Increase of glucose and fructose and decrease of organic acids were observed during fruit ripening. Among six organic acids found, quinic acid (1.7–9.5 mg/100 mg DW) was the most abundant throughout the fruit ontogeny. Soluble solids, pH, and density increased with maturity while, titratable acidity decreased. These findings can be helpful in optimizing harvest and processing operations in lowbush blueberry fruits. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T19:39:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-56331cd4bf72491c9baf6c56bacf58da |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T19:39:18Z |
| publishDate | 2013-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj.art-56331cd4bf72491c9baf6c56bacf58da2023-08-02T03:57:07ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212013-10-012421622910.3390/antiox2040216Characterization of Changes in Polyphenols, Antioxidant Capacity and Physico-Chemical Parameters during Lowbush Blueberry Fruit RipeningLara GibsonH. P. Vasantha RupasingheCharles F. ForneyLeonard EatonChanges in major polyphenols, antioxidant capacity, and selected physico-chemical parameters were examined in lowbush blueberry during fruit ripening. Polyphenols (phenolic acids, flavonols, flavan-3-ols, and anthocyanins), density, soluble solid content, pH, titratable acidity, sugars, organic acids, and antioxidant capacity were determined in fruits of four maturities: green, pink/red, blue, and over-mature. Highest concentrations of flavonols, flavan-3-ols, and phenolic acids were in green fruits: 168 ± 107, 119 ± 29 and 543 ± 91 mg/100 g dry weight (DW) respectively. Highest anthocyanin levels were found in blue and over-mature fruits (1011–1060 mg/100 DW). Chlorogenic acid was the most abundant phenolic acid and quercetin-3-O-galactoside the most abundant flavonol in all maturities. Epicatechin was the most abundant flavan-3-ol in green fruits (80 ± 20 mg/100 DW), and catechin was the most abundant in other maturity stages. Increase of glucose and fructose and decrease of organic acids were observed during fruit ripening. Among six organic acids found, quinic acid (1.7–9.5 mg/100 mg DW) was the most abundant throughout the fruit ontogeny. Soluble solids, pH, and density increased with maturity while, titratable acidity decreased. These findings can be helpful in optimizing harvest and processing operations in lowbush blueberry fruits.http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/2/4/216wild blueberryVaccinium angustifoliumfruit maturitypolyphenolsphysico-chemical parametersantioxidantsorganic acidssugars |
| spellingShingle | Lara Gibson H. P. Vasantha Rupasinghe Charles F. Forney Leonard Eaton Characterization of Changes in Polyphenols, Antioxidant Capacity and Physico-Chemical Parameters during Lowbush Blueberry Fruit Ripening Antioxidants wild blueberry Vaccinium angustifolium fruit maturity polyphenols physico-chemical parameters antioxidants organic acids sugars |
| title | Characterization of Changes in Polyphenols, Antioxidant Capacity and Physico-Chemical Parameters during Lowbush Blueberry Fruit Ripening |
| title_full | Characterization of Changes in Polyphenols, Antioxidant Capacity and Physico-Chemical Parameters during Lowbush Blueberry Fruit Ripening |
| title_fullStr | Characterization of Changes in Polyphenols, Antioxidant Capacity and Physico-Chemical Parameters during Lowbush Blueberry Fruit Ripening |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characterization of Changes in Polyphenols, Antioxidant Capacity and Physico-Chemical Parameters during Lowbush Blueberry Fruit Ripening |
| title_short | Characterization of Changes in Polyphenols, Antioxidant Capacity and Physico-Chemical Parameters during Lowbush Blueberry Fruit Ripening |
| title_sort | characterization of changes in polyphenols antioxidant capacity and physico chemical parameters during lowbush blueberry fruit ripening |
| topic | wild blueberry Vaccinium angustifolium fruit maturity polyphenols physico-chemical parameters antioxidants organic acids sugars |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/2/4/216 |
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