A Critical Review of Existing Test-Methods for External Sulfate Attack

A Critical Review of Existing Test-Methods for External Sulfate Attack

External sulfate attack (ESA) of cementitious materials has been studied worldwide for a very long time. This physical/chemical interaction between sulfate ions and the cement hardened elements affects the long-term durability of concrete structures: cracking, spalling or strength loss of concrete s...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Mike Jabbour, Othman Omikrine Metalssi, Marc Quiertant, Véronique Baroghel-Bouny
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2022-10-01
Series:Materials
Subjects:
external sulfate attack
ettringite formation
physico-chemical mechanisms
standardized and non-standardized methods
strengths and weaknesses of each testing method
recommendations for improving methods
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/21/7554

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https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/21/7554

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