A genetically defined asymmetry underlies the inhibitory control of flexor–extensor locomotor movements
V1 and V2b interneurons (INs) are essential for the production of an alternating flexor–extensor motor output. Using a tripartite genetic system to selectively ablate either V1 or V2b INs in the caudal spinal cord and assess their specific functions in awake behaving animals, we find that V1 and V2b...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
eLife Sciences Publications Ltd
2015-10-01
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| Series: | eLife |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://elifesciences.org/articles/04718 |
| _version_ | 1811201058377039872 |
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| author | Olivier Britz Jingming Zhang Katja S Grossmann Jason Dyck Jun C Kim Susan Dymecki Simon Gosgnach Martyn Goulding |
| author_facet | Olivier Britz Jingming Zhang Katja S Grossmann Jason Dyck Jun C Kim Susan Dymecki Simon Gosgnach Martyn Goulding |
| author_sort | Olivier Britz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | V1 and V2b interneurons (INs) are essential for the production of an alternating flexor–extensor motor output. Using a tripartite genetic system to selectively ablate either V1 or V2b INs in the caudal spinal cord and assess their specific functions in awake behaving animals, we find that V1 and V2b INs function in an opposing manner to control flexor–extensor-driven movements. Ablation of V1 INs results in limb hyperflexion, suggesting that V1 IN-derived inhibition is needed for proper extension movements of the limb. The loss of V2b INs results in hindlimb hyperextension and a delay in the transition from stance phase to swing phase, demonstrating V2b INs are required for the timely initiation and execution of limb flexion movements. Our findings also reveal a bias in the innervation of flexor- and extensor-related motor neurons by V1 and V2b INs that likely contributes to their differential actions on flexion–extension movements. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T02:14:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5760c5353a5b41fb96a6aa81c35f6c60 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2050-084X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T02:14:30Z |
| publishDate | 2015-10-01 |
| publisher | eLife Sciences Publications Ltd |
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| spelling | doaj.art-5760c5353a5b41fb96a6aa81c35f6c602022-12-22T03:52:17ZengeLife Sciences Publications LtdeLife2050-084X2015-10-01410.7554/eLife.04718A genetically defined asymmetry underlies the inhibitory control of flexor–extensor locomotor movementsOlivier Britz0Jingming Zhang1Katja S Grossmann2Jason Dyck3Jun C Kim4Susan Dymecki5Simon Gosgnach6Martyn Goulding7Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, United StatesMolecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, United StatesMolecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, United StatesDepartment of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, CanadaDepartment of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United StatesDepartment of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United StatesDepartment of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, CanadaMolecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, United StatesV1 and V2b interneurons (INs) are essential for the production of an alternating flexor–extensor motor output. Using a tripartite genetic system to selectively ablate either V1 or V2b INs in the caudal spinal cord and assess their specific functions in awake behaving animals, we find that V1 and V2b INs function in an opposing manner to control flexor–extensor-driven movements. Ablation of V1 INs results in limb hyperflexion, suggesting that V1 IN-derived inhibition is needed for proper extension movements of the limb. The loss of V2b INs results in hindlimb hyperextension and a delay in the transition from stance phase to swing phase, demonstrating V2b INs are required for the timely initiation and execution of limb flexion movements. Our findings also reveal a bias in the innervation of flexor- and extensor-related motor neurons by V1 and V2b INs that likely contributes to their differential actions on flexion–extension movements.https://elifesciences.org/articles/04718motor behaviorlocomotionmouse geneticspinal interneurons |
| spellingShingle | Olivier Britz Jingming Zhang Katja S Grossmann Jason Dyck Jun C Kim Susan Dymecki Simon Gosgnach Martyn Goulding A genetically defined asymmetry underlies the inhibitory control of flexor–extensor locomotor movements eLife motor behavior locomotion mouse genetic spinal interneurons |
| title | A genetically defined asymmetry underlies the inhibitory control of flexor–extensor locomotor movements |
| title_full | A genetically defined asymmetry underlies the inhibitory control of flexor–extensor locomotor movements |
| title_fullStr | A genetically defined asymmetry underlies the inhibitory control of flexor–extensor locomotor movements |
| title_full_unstemmed | A genetically defined asymmetry underlies the inhibitory control of flexor–extensor locomotor movements |
| title_short | A genetically defined asymmetry underlies the inhibitory control of flexor–extensor locomotor movements |
| title_sort | genetically defined asymmetry underlies the inhibitory control of flexor extensor locomotor movements |
| topic | motor behavior locomotion mouse genetic spinal interneurons |
| url | https://elifesciences.org/articles/04718 |
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