Southern Indian Ocean Dipole as a trigger for Central Pacific El Niño since the 2000s

Predicting the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) since the 2000s has become increasingly challenging. Here the authors show that the Southern Indian Ocean Dipole has become a key precursor of Central Pacific El Niño since the 2000s with a 14-month lead.

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Hyun-Su Jo, Yoo-Geun Ham, Jong-Seong Kug, Tim Li, Jeong-Hwan Kim, Ji-Gwang Kim, Hyerim Kim
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2022-11-01
Series:Nature Communications
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-34721-8