A multiscale approach reveals elaborate circulatory system and intermittent heartbeat in velvet worms (Onychophora)
Abstract An antagonistic hemolymph-muscular system is essential for soft-bodied invertebrates. Many ecdysozoans (molting animals) possess neither a heart nor a vascular or circulatory system, whereas most arthropods exhibit a well-developed circulatory system. How did this system evolve and how was...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Communications Biology |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-023-04797-z |