Host prion protein expression levels impact prion tropism for the spleen.
Prions are pathogens formed from abnormal conformers (PrPSc) of the host-encoded cellular prion protein (PrPC). PrPSc conformation to disease phenotype relationships extensively vary among prion strains. In particular, prions exhibit a strain-dependent tropism for lymphoid tissues. Prions can be com...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2020-07-01
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| Series: | PLoS Pathogens |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1008283 |
| _version_ | 1823960286014472192 |
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| author | Vincent Béringue Philippe Tixador Olivier Andréoletti Fabienne Reine Johan Castille Thanh-Lan Laï Annick Le Dur Aude Laisné Laetitia Herzog Bruno Passet Human Rezaei Jean-Luc Vilotte Hubert Laude |
| author_facet | Vincent Béringue Philippe Tixador Olivier Andréoletti Fabienne Reine Johan Castille Thanh-Lan Laï Annick Le Dur Aude Laisné Laetitia Herzog Bruno Passet Human Rezaei Jean-Luc Vilotte Hubert Laude |
| author_sort | Vincent Béringue |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Prions are pathogens formed from abnormal conformers (PrPSc) of the host-encoded cellular prion protein (PrPC). PrPSc conformation to disease phenotype relationships extensively vary among prion strains. In particular, prions exhibit a strain-dependent tropism for lymphoid tissues. Prions can be composed of several substrain components. There is evidence that these substrains can propagate in distinct tissues (e.g. brain and spleen) of a single individual, providing an experimental paradigm to study the cause of prion tissue selectivity. Previously, we showed that PrPC expression levels feature in prion substrain selection in the brain. Transmission of sheep scrapie isolates (termed LAN) to multiple lines of transgenic mice expressing varying levels of ovine PrPC in their brains resulted in the phenotypic expression of the dominant sheep substrain in mice expressing near physiological PrPC levels, whereas a minor substrain replicated preferentially on high expresser mice. Considering that PrPC expression levels are markedly decreased in the spleen compared to the brain, we interrogate whether spleen PrPC dosage could drive prion selectivity. The outcome of the transmission of a large cohort of LAN isolates in the spleen from high expresser mice correlated with the replication rate dependency on PrPC amount. There was a prominent spleen colonization by the substrain preferentially replicating on low expresser mice and a relative incapacity of the substrain with higher-PrPC level need to propagate in the spleen. Early colonization of the spleen after intraperitoneal inoculation allowed neuropathological expression of the lymphoid substrain. In addition, a pair of substrain variants resulting from the adaptation of human prions to ovine high expresser mice, and exhibiting differing brain versus spleen tropism, showed different tropism on transmission to low expresser mice, with the lymphoid substrain colonizing the brain. Overall, these data suggest that PrPC expression levels are instrumental in prion lymphotropism. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T16:46:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5a6d7bcf05644281979b0d12312a5022 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1553-7366 1553-7374 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T16:46:26Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-5a6d7bcf05644281979b0d12312a50222022-12-21T21:40:44ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Pathogens1553-73661553-73742020-07-01167e100828310.1371/journal.ppat.1008283Host prion protein expression levels impact prion tropism for the spleen.Vincent BéringuePhilippe TixadorOlivier AndréolettiFabienne ReineJohan CastilleThanh-Lan LaïAnnick Le DurAude LaisnéLaetitia HerzogBruno PassetHuman RezaeiJean-Luc VilotteHubert LaudePrions are pathogens formed from abnormal conformers (PrPSc) of the host-encoded cellular prion protein (PrPC). PrPSc conformation to disease phenotype relationships extensively vary among prion strains. In particular, prions exhibit a strain-dependent tropism for lymphoid tissues. Prions can be composed of several substrain components. There is evidence that these substrains can propagate in distinct tissues (e.g. brain and spleen) of a single individual, providing an experimental paradigm to study the cause of prion tissue selectivity. Previously, we showed that PrPC expression levels feature in prion substrain selection in the brain. Transmission of sheep scrapie isolates (termed LAN) to multiple lines of transgenic mice expressing varying levels of ovine PrPC in their brains resulted in the phenotypic expression of the dominant sheep substrain in mice expressing near physiological PrPC levels, whereas a minor substrain replicated preferentially on high expresser mice. Considering that PrPC expression levels are markedly decreased in the spleen compared to the brain, we interrogate whether spleen PrPC dosage could drive prion selectivity. The outcome of the transmission of a large cohort of LAN isolates in the spleen from high expresser mice correlated with the replication rate dependency on PrPC amount. There was a prominent spleen colonization by the substrain preferentially replicating on low expresser mice and a relative incapacity of the substrain with higher-PrPC level need to propagate in the spleen. Early colonization of the spleen after intraperitoneal inoculation allowed neuropathological expression of the lymphoid substrain. In addition, a pair of substrain variants resulting from the adaptation of human prions to ovine high expresser mice, and exhibiting differing brain versus spleen tropism, showed different tropism on transmission to low expresser mice, with the lymphoid substrain colonizing the brain. Overall, these data suggest that PrPC expression levels are instrumental in prion lymphotropism.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1008283 |
| spellingShingle | Vincent Béringue Philippe Tixador Olivier Andréoletti Fabienne Reine Johan Castille Thanh-Lan Laï Annick Le Dur Aude Laisné Laetitia Herzog Bruno Passet Human Rezaei Jean-Luc Vilotte Hubert Laude Host prion protein expression levels impact prion tropism for the spleen. PLoS Pathogens |
| title | Host prion protein expression levels impact prion tropism for the spleen. |
| title_full | Host prion protein expression levels impact prion tropism for the spleen. |
| title_fullStr | Host prion protein expression levels impact prion tropism for the spleen. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Host prion protein expression levels impact prion tropism for the spleen. |
| title_short | Host prion protein expression levels impact prion tropism for the spleen. |
| title_sort | host prion protein expression levels impact prion tropism for the spleen |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1008283 |
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