Trimethylamine, a gut bacteria metabolite and air pollutant, increases blood pressure and markers of kidney damage including proteinuria and KIM-1 in rats
Abstract Background Trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) is a biomarker in cardiovascular and renal diseases. TMAO originates from the oxidation of trimethylamine (TMA), a product of gut microbiota and manufacturing industries-derived pollutant, by flavin monooxygenases (FMOs). The effect of chronic exposure...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
BMC
2022-10-01
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Series: | Journal of Translational Medicine |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-022-03687-y |