Immune checkpoint inhibitors plus debulking surgery for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma: clinical outcomes and immunological correlates of a prospective pilot trial
Abstract Surgical removal of primary tumors reverses tumor-mediated immune suppression in pre-clinical models with metastatic disease. However, how cytoreductive surgery in the metastatic setting modulates the immune responses in patients, especially in the context of immune checkpoint therapy (ICT)...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2025-02-01
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Series: | Nature Communications |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-57009-z |