Effect of smoking status and nicotine dependence on pain intensity and outcome of treatment in Indian patients with temporomandibular disorders: A longitudinal cohort study
Purpose: Evidence regarding the association of smoking with various forms of chronic musculoskeletal pain is vast, but that with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) is scarce. Aims: The aims of this study are to evaluate the effect of smoking status (SS) and nicotine dependence (ND) on TMD pain intens...
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2017-01-01
|
| Series: | The Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.j-ips.org/article.asp?issn=0972-4052;year=2017;volume=17;issue=2;spage=156;epage=166;aulast=Katyayan |