Palm Lipid Emulsion Droplet Crystallinity and Gastric Acid Stability in Relation to in vitro Bioaccessibility and in vivo Gastric Emptying
It is poorly understood how the physical state of emulsified triacylglycerol (TAG) alters colloidal behavior in the gastrointestinal tract to modulate lipid digestion and absorption. We, therefore, aimed to investigate the individual and combined effects on fatty acid (FA) bioaccessibility using the...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Nutrition |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.940045/full |
| _version_ | 1828360077103333376 |
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| author | Samar Hamad Run Chen Zhitong Zhou Pedram Nasr Ye Ling Li Niloufar Rafiee Tari Michael A. Rogers Amanda J. Wright |
| author_facet | Samar Hamad Run Chen Zhitong Zhou Pedram Nasr Ye Ling Li Niloufar Rafiee Tari Michael A. Rogers Amanda J. Wright |
| author_sort | Samar Hamad |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | It is poorly understood how the physical state of emulsified triacylglycerol (TAG) alters colloidal behavior in the gastrointestinal tract to modulate lipid digestion and absorption. We, therefore, aimed to investigate the individual and combined effects on fatty acid (FA) bioaccessibility using the dynamic TIM-1 in vitro digestion model and integrate the results with those from a human clinical study. Four 20% oil-in-water emulsions with overlapping particle size distributions contained either partially crystalline solid (palm stearin) or liquid (palm olein) lipid droplets at 37°C and either the colloidally acid-stable Tween 80 (2.2%) or acid-unstable Span 60 (2.5%) emulsifier. Experimental meals were fed to the TIM-1, and jejunal and ileal dialysates were analyzed over 6 h to measure free FA concentration. Cumulative FA bioaccessibility was significantly higher for the liquid stable emulsion compared to all others (p < 0.05), which did not differ (p > 0.05). Emulsified TAG physical state was associated with differences in overall bioaccessibility (higher for liquid state TAG) in the colloidally stable emulsions, but this difference was blunted in droplets susceptible to acidic flocculation. In contrast, human postprandial TAG concentrations did not differ significantly between the emulsions. The discrepancy may relate to differences in in vivo gastric emptying (GE) as evidenced by ultrasonography. When the in vivo differences in GE were accounted for in follow-up TIM-1 experiments, the findings aligned more closely. Cumulative FA bioaccessibility for the liquid stable emulsion no longer differed significantly from the other emulsions, and SU’s bioaccessibility was the lowest, consistent with the in vivo observations. This work highlights the potential for TAG physical state and colloidal stability to interactively alter behavior in the gastrointestinal tract with implications for FA absorption, and the importance of establishing and improving in vitro–in vivo correlations in food-nutrition research. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T03:49:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-62fd7f7795b44095b715f3fdd3920250 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-861X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T03:49:46Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj.art-62fd7f7795b44095b715f3fdd39202502022-12-22T02:14:04ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2022-07-01910.3389/fnut.2022.940045940045Palm Lipid Emulsion Droplet Crystallinity and Gastric Acid Stability in Relation to in vitro Bioaccessibility and in vivo Gastric EmptyingSamar Hamad0Run Chen1Zhitong Zhou2Pedram Nasr3Ye Ling Li4Niloufar Rafiee Tari5Michael A. Rogers6Amanda J. Wright7Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, CanadaDepartment of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, CanadaDepartment of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, CanadaDepartment of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, CanadaDepartment of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, CanadaDepartment of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, CanadaDepartment of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, CanadaDepartment of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, CanadaIt is poorly understood how the physical state of emulsified triacylglycerol (TAG) alters colloidal behavior in the gastrointestinal tract to modulate lipid digestion and absorption. We, therefore, aimed to investigate the individual and combined effects on fatty acid (FA) bioaccessibility using the dynamic TIM-1 in vitro digestion model and integrate the results with those from a human clinical study. Four 20% oil-in-water emulsions with overlapping particle size distributions contained either partially crystalline solid (palm stearin) or liquid (palm olein) lipid droplets at 37°C and either the colloidally acid-stable Tween 80 (2.2%) or acid-unstable Span 60 (2.5%) emulsifier. Experimental meals were fed to the TIM-1, and jejunal and ileal dialysates were analyzed over 6 h to measure free FA concentration. Cumulative FA bioaccessibility was significantly higher for the liquid stable emulsion compared to all others (p < 0.05), which did not differ (p > 0.05). Emulsified TAG physical state was associated with differences in overall bioaccessibility (higher for liquid state TAG) in the colloidally stable emulsions, but this difference was blunted in droplets susceptible to acidic flocculation. In contrast, human postprandial TAG concentrations did not differ significantly between the emulsions. The discrepancy may relate to differences in in vivo gastric emptying (GE) as evidenced by ultrasonography. When the in vivo differences in GE were accounted for in follow-up TIM-1 experiments, the findings aligned more closely. Cumulative FA bioaccessibility for the liquid stable emulsion no longer differed significantly from the other emulsions, and SU’s bioaccessibility was the lowest, consistent with the in vivo observations. This work highlights the potential for TAG physical state and colloidal stability to interactively alter behavior in the gastrointestinal tract with implications for FA absorption, and the importance of establishing and improving in vitro–in vivo correlations in food-nutrition research.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.940045/fullemulsionlipid bioaccessibilitytriacylglycerolgastric emptyingin vitro digestionTIM-1 |
| spellingShingle | Samar Hamad Run Chen Zhitong Zhou Pedram Nasr Ye Ling Li Niloufar Rafiee Tari Michael A. Rogers Amanda J. Wright Palm Lipid Emulsion Droplet Crystallinity and Gastric Acid Stability in Relation to in vitro Bioaccessibility and in vivo Gastric Emptying Frontiers in Nutrition emulsion lipid bioaccessibility triacylglycerol gastric emptying in vitro digestion TIM-1 |
| title | Palm Lipid Emulsion Droplet Crystallinity and Gastric Acid Stability in Relation to in vitro Bioaccessibility and in vivo Gastric Emptying |
| title_full | Palm Lipid Emulsion Droplet Crystallinity and Gastric Acid Stability in Relation to in vitro Bioaccessibility and in vivo Gastric Emptying |
| title_fullStr | Palm Lipid Emulsion Droplet Crystallinity and Gastric Acid Stability in Relation to in vitro Bioaccessibility and in vivo Gastric Emptying |
| title_full_unstemmed | Palm Lipid Emulsion Droplet Crystallinity and Gastric Acid Stability in Relation to in vitro Bioaccessibility and in vivo Gastric Emptying |
| title_short | Palm Lipid Emulsion Droplet Crystallinity and Gastric Acid Stability in Relation to in vitro Bioaccessibility and in vivo Gastric Emptying |
| title_sort | palm lipid emulsion droplet crystallinity and gastric acid stability in relation to in vitro bioaccessibility and in vivo gastric emptying |
| topic | emulsion lipid bioaccessibility triacylglycerol gastric emptying in vitro digestion TIM-1 |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.940045/full |
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