A Preliminary Study: Esterification of Free Fatty Acids (FFA) in Artificially Modified Feedstock Using Ionic Liquids as Catalysts

The exploration of non-edible oils as a feedstock has been positively affect the economic viability of biodiesel production.  Due to the high level of free fatty acid (FFA) in non-edible oils, esterification is needed to remove the acidity to the minimum level before base-catalyzed transesterificati...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Nurul Asmawati Roslan, Mohammad Haniff Che Hasnan, Norhayati Abdullah, Syamsul Bahari Abdullah, Sumaiya Zainal Abidin
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS) 2016-08-01
Series:Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis
Subjects:
Online Access:https://journal.bcrec.id/index.php/bcrec/article/view/549