The Extracts of <i>Polygonum cuspidatum</i> Root and Rhizome Block the Entry of SARS-CoV-2 Wild-Type and Omicron Pseudotyped Viruses via Inhibition of the S-Protein and 3CL Protease
COVID-19, resulting from infection by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, caused a contagious pandemic. Even with the current vaccines, there is still an urgent need to develop effective pharmacological treatments against this deadly disease. Here, we show that the water and ethanol extracts of the root and rhizo...
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/12/3806 |
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| author | Shengying Lin Xiaoyang Wang Roy Wai-Lun Tang Hung Chun Lee Ho Hin Chan Sheyne S. A. Choi Tina Ting-Xia Dong Ka Wing Leung Sarah E. Webb Andrew L. Miller Karl Wah-Keung Tsim |
| author_facet | Shengying Lin Xiaoyang Wang Roy Wai-Lun Tang Hung Chun Lee Ho Hin Chan Sheyne S. A. Choi Tina Ting-Xia Dong Ka Wing Leung Sarah E. Webb Andrew L. Miller Karl Wah-Keung Tsim |
| author_sort | Shengying Lin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | COVID-19, resulting from infection by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, caused a contagious pandemic. Even with the current vaccines, there is still an urgent need to develop effective pharmacological treatments against this deadly disease. Here, we show that the water and ethanol extracts of the root and rhizome of <i>Polygonum cuspidatum</i> (Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma et Radix), a common Chinese herbal medicine, blocked the entry of wild-type and the omicron variant of the SARS-CoV-2 pseudotyped virus into fibroblasts or zebrafish larvae, with IC<sub>50</sub> values ranging from 0.015 to 0.04 mg/mL. The extracts were shown to inhibit various aspects of the pseudovirus entry, including the interaction between the spike protein (S-protein) and the angiotensin-converting enzyme II (ACE2) receptor, and the 3CL protease activity. Out of the chemical compounds tested in this report, gallic acid, a phytochemical in <i>P. cuspidatum</i>, was shown to have a significant anti-viral effect. Therefore, this might be responsible, at least in part, for the anti-viral efficacy of the herbal extract. Together, our data suggest that the extracts of <i>P. cuspidatum</i> inhibit the entry of wild-type and the omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2, and so they could be considered as potent treatments against COVID-19. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:55:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6526b3ebf6f2410b85d6359c7bd03b1a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:55:07Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-6526b3ebf6f2410b85d6359c7bd03b1a2023-11-23T18:11:34ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492022-06-012712380610.3390/molecules27123806The Extracts of <i>Polygonum cuspidatum</i> Root and Rhizome Block the Entry of SARS-CoV-2 Wild-Type and Omicron Pseudotyped Viruses via Inhibition of the S-Protein and 3CL ProteaseShengying Lin0Xiaoyang Wang1Roy Wai-Lun Tang2Hung Chun Lee3Ho Hin Chan4Sheyne S. A. Choi5Tina Ting-Xia Dong6Ka Wing Leung7Sarah E. Webb8Andrew L. Miller9Karl Wah-Keung Tsim10Division of Life Science and Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, ChinaDivision of Life Science and Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, ChinaDivision of Life Science and Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, ChinaDivision of Life Science and Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, ChinaDivision of Life Science and Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, ChinaDivision of Life Science and Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, ChinaDivision of Life Science and Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, ChinaCOVID-19, resulting from infection by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, caused a contagious pandemic. Even with the current vaccines, there is still an urgent need to develop effective pharmacological treatments against this deadly disease. Here, we show that the water and ethanol extracts of the root and rhizome of <i>Polygonum cuspidatum</i> (Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma et Radix), a common Chinese herbal medicine, blocked the entry of wild-type and the omicron variant of the SARS-CoV-2 pseudotyped virus into fibroblasts or zebrafish larvae, with IC<sub>50</sub> values ranging from 0.015 to 0.04 mg/mL. The extracts were shown to inhibit various aspects of the pseudovirus entry, including the interaction between the spike protein (S-protein) and the angiotensin-converting enzyme II (ACE2) receptor, and the 3CL protease activity. Out of the chemical compounds tested in this report, gallic acid, a phytochemical in <i>P. cuspidatum</i>, was shown to have a significant anti-viral effect. Therefore, this might be responsible, at least in part, for the anti-viral efficacy of the herbal extract. Together, our data suggest that the extracts of <i>P. cuspidatum</i> inhibit the entry of wild-type and the omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2, and so they could be considered as potent treatments against COVID-19.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/12/3806SARS-CoV-2omicron varianttraditional Chinese medicinepseudovirus entryPolygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma et Radixzebrafish larvae |
| spellingShingle | Shengying Lin Xiaoyang Wang Roy Wai-Lun Tang Hung Chun Lee Ho Hin Chan Sheyne S. A. Choi Tina Ting-Xia Dong Ka Wing Leung Sarah E. Webb Andrew L. Miller Karl Wah-Keung Tsim The Extracts of <i>Polygonum cuspidatum</i> Root and Rhizome Block the Entry of SARS-CoV-2 Wild-Type and Omicron Pseudotyped Viruses via Inhibition of the S-Protein and 3CL Protease Molecules SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant traditional Chinese medicine pseudovirus entry Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma et Radix zebrafish larvae |
| title | The Extracts of <i>Polygonum cuspidatum</i> Root and Rhizome Block the Entry of SARS-CoV-2 Wild-Type and Omicron Pseudotyped Viruses via Inhibition of the S-Protein and 3CL Protease |
| title_full | The Extracts of <i>Polygonum cuspidatum</i> Root and Rhizome Block the Entry of SARS-CoV-2 Wild-Type and Omicron Pseudotyped Viruses via Inhibition of the S-Protein and 3CL Protease |
| title_fullStr | The Extracts of <i>Polygonum cuspidatum</i> Root and Rhizome Block the Entry of SARS-CoV-2 Wild-Type and Omicron Pseudotyped Viruses via Inhibition of the S-Protein and 3CL Protease |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Extracts of <i>Polygonum cuspidatum</i> Root and Rhizome Block the Entry of SARS-CoV-2 Wild-Type and Omicron Pseudotyped Viruses via Inhibition of the S-Protein and 3CL Protease |
| title_short | The Extracts of <i>Polygonum cuspidatum</i> Root and Rhizome Block the Entry of SARS-CoV-2 Wild-Type and Omicron Pseudotyped Viruses via Inhibition of the S-Protein and 3CL Protease |
| title_sort | extracts of i polygonum cuspidatum i root and rhizome block the entry of sars cov 2 wild type and omicron pseudotyped viruses via inhibition of the s protein and 3cl protease |
| topic | SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant traditional Chinese medicine pseudovirus entry Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma et Radix zebrafish larvae |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/12/3806 |
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