Capturing the spectrum of interaction effects in genetic association studies by simulated evaporative cooling network analysis.
Evidence from human genetic studies of several disorders suggests that interactions between alleles at multiple genes play an important role in influencing phenotypic expression. Analytical methods for identifying Mendelian disease genes are not appropriate when applied to common multigenic diseases...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2009-03-01
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| Series: | PLoS Genetics |
| Online Access: | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC2653647?pdf=render |
| _version_ | 1828187044935892992 |
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| author | Brett A McKinney James E Crowe Jingyu Guo Dehua Tian |
| author_facet | Brett A McKinney James E Crowe Jingyu Guo Dehua Tian |
| author_sort | Brett A McKinney |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Evidence from human genetic studies of several disorders suggests that interactions between alleles at multiple genes play an important role in influencing phenotypic expression. Analytical methods for identifying Mendelian disease genes are not appropriate when applied to common multigenic diseases, because such methods investigate association with the phenotype only one genetic locus at a time. New strategies are needed that can capture the spectrum of genetic effects, from Mendelian to multifactorial epistasis. Random Forests (RF) and Relief-F are two powerful machine-learning methods that have been studied as filters for genetic case-control data due to their ability to account for the context of alleles at multiple genes when scoring the relevance of individual genetic variants to the phenotype. However, when variants interact strongly, the independence assumption of RF in the tree node-splitting criterion leads to diminished importance scores for relevant variants. Relief-F, on the other hand, was designed to detect strong interactions but is sensitive to large backgrounds of variants that are irrelevant to classification of the phenotype, which is an acute problem in genome-wide association studies. To overcome the weaknesses of these data mining approaches, we develop Evaporative Cooling (EC) feature selection, a flexible machine learning method that can integrate multiple importance scores while removing irrelevant genetic variants. To characterize detailed interactions, we construct a genetic-association interaction network (GAIN), whose edges quantify the synergy between variants with respect to the phenotype. We use simulation analysis to show that EC is able to identify a wide range of interaction effects in genetic association data. We apply the EC filter to a smallpox vaccine cohort study of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and infer a GAIN for a collection of SNPs associated with adverse events. Our results suggest an important role for hubs in SNP disease susceptibility networks. The software is available at (http://sites.google.com/site/McKinneyLab/software). |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T07:29:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-65d68866e1cd476fa7e913bc7ab3da4a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1553-7390 1553-7404 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T07:29:07Z |
| publishDate | 2009-03-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS Genetics |
| spelling | doaj.art-65d68866e1cd476fa7e913bc7ab3da4a2022-12-22T03:42:07ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Genetics1553-73901553-74042009-03-0153e100043210.1371/journal.pgen.1000432Capturing the spectrum of interaction effects in genetic association studies by simulated evaporative cooling network analysis.Brett A McKinneyJames E CroweJingyu GuoDehua TianEvidence from human genetic studies of several disorders suggests that interactions between alleles at multiple genes play an important role in influencing phenotypic expression. Analytical methods for identifying Mendelian disease genes are not appropriate when applied to common multigenic diseases, because such methods investigate association with the phenotype only one genetic locus at a time. New strategies are needed that can capture the spectrum of genetic effects, from Mendelian to multifactorial epistasis. Random Forests (RF) and Relief-F are two powerful machine-learning methods that have been studied as filters for genetic case-control data due to their ability to account for the context of alleles at multiple genes when scoring the relevance of individual genetic variants to the phenotype. However, when variants interact strongly, the independence assumption of RF in the tree node-splitting criterion leads to diminished importance scores for relevant variants. Relief-F, on the other hand, was designed to detect strong interactions but is sensitive to large backgrounds of variants that are irrelevant to classification of the phenotype, which is an acute problem in genome-wide association studies. To overcome the weaknesses of these data mining approaches, we develop Evaporative Cooling (EC) feature selection, a flexible machine learning method that can integrate multiple importance scores while removing irrelevant genetic variants. To characterize detailed interactions, we construct a genetic-association interaction network (GAIN), whose edges quantify the synergy between variants with respect to the phenotype. We use simulation analysis to show that EC is able to identify a wide range of interaction effects in genetic association data. We apply the EC filter to a smallpox vaccine cohort study of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and infer a GAIN for a collection of SNPs associated with adverse events. Our results suggest an important role for hubs in SNP disease susceptibility networks. The software is available at (http://sites.google.com/site/McKinneyLab/software).http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC2653647?pdf=render |
| spellingShingle | Brett A McKinney James E Crowe Jingyu Guo Dehua Tian Capturing the spectrum of interaction effects in genetic association studies by simulated evaporative cooling network analysis. PLoS Genetics |
| title | Capturing the spectrum of interaction effects in genetic association studies by simulated evaporative cooling network analysis. |
| title_full | Capturing the spectrum of interaction effects in genetic association studies by simulated evaporative cooling network analysis. |
| title_fullStr | Capturing the spectrum of interaction effects in genetic association studies by simulated evaporative cooling network analysis. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Capturing the spectrum of interaction effects in genetic association studies by simulated evaporative cooling network analysis. |
| title_short | Capturing the spectrum of interaction effects in genetic association studies by simulated evaporative cooling network analysis. |
| title_sort | capturing the spectrum of interaction effects in genetic association studies by simulated evaporative cooling network analysis |
| url | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC2653647?pdf=render |
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