Comparison of land–ocean warming ratios in updated observed records and CMIP5 climate models

A well-known feature of the observed and simulated climate is enhanced land surface warming compared to the ocean. This difference in warming, frequently expressed as a ratio, is often contrasted between the observed record and climate model output as both an evaluation metric for climate models and...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: C J Wallace, M Joshi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IOP Publishing 2018-01-01
Series:Environmental Research Letters
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aae46f