Prediction of the Non-Isothermal Austenitization Kinetics of Fe-C-Cr Low Alloy Steels with Lamellar Pearlite Microstructure
The austenitization of low alloy steels during rapid heating processes was involved in many kinds of advanced heat treatment technologies. Most of the previous research on the austenitization kinetics was focused on the spherical pearlite microstructures, which were different from the lamellar pearl...
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author | Zhiqiang Li Shengyang Zhang Yang He Guangjie Xiong Yude Liu Fuyong Su |
author_facet | Zhiqiang Li Shengyang Zhang Yang He Guangjie Xiong Yude Liu Fuyong Su |
author_sort | Zhiqiang Li |
collection | DOAJ |
description | The austenitization of low alloy steels during rapid heating processes was involved in many kinds of advanced heat treatment technologies. Most of the previous research on the austenitization kinetics was focused on the spherical pearlite microstructures, which were different from the lamellar pearlite microstructures. In the present research, to predict the non-isothermal austenitization process of an Fe-C-Cr steel with lamellar pearlite, a novel 3-dimensional (3D) cellular automata model, which considered the influences of the coupling diffusion of Cr and C, and the interfacial diffusion between pearlite lamellae and the pearlite lamellar orientation, was established based on the thermodynamic equilibrium data obtained from the Thermo-Calc software and the simulation results of the DICTRA module. To clarify the influences of the heating rate on the austenitization kinetics and validate the simulation results, the austenitization processes of a Fe-1C-1.41Cr steel for different heating rates were studied with a series of dilatometric experiments. The good agreements between the cellular automata simulation results and the experimental results showed that the newly proposed cellular automata model is reasonable. The experimental results show an obvious change of the transition activity energies from the low to high heating rates. The transition from partitioning local equilibrium (PLE) to non-partitioning local equilibrium (NPLE) mechanisms was proved with DICTRA simulations. Basing on the simulation results, the influences of the pearlite lamellae orientation on the austenitization kinetics and the topological aspects of austenite grains were evaluated. In addition, the topological aspects of the rapidly austenitized grains were also compared to the normal grains. |
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spelling | doaj.art-68fd9439dd0047c484eba2548d3a2afe2023-11-30T21:20:03ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442022-03-01156213110.3390/ma15062131Prediction of the Non-Isothermal Austenitization Kinetics of Fe-C-Cr Low Alloy Steels with Lamellar Pearlite MicrostructureZhiqiang Li0Shengyang Zhang1Yang He2Guangjie Xiong3Yude Liu4Fuyong Su5School of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, ChinaInstitute for Advanced Materials and Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, ChinaSchool of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, ChinaSchool of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, ChinaSchool of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, ChinaSchool of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, ChinaThe austenitization of low alloy steels during rapid heating processes was involved in many kinds of advanced heat treatment technologies. Most of the previous research on the austenitization kinetics was focused on the spherical pearlite microstructures, which were different from the lamellar pearlite microstructures. In the present research, to predict the non-isothermal austenitization process of an Fe-C-Cr steel with lamellar pearlite, a novel 3-dimensional (3D) cellular automata model, which considered the influences of the coupling diffusion of Cr and C, and the interfacial diffusion between pearlite lamellae and the pearlite lamellar orientation, was established based on the thermodynamic equilibrium data obtained from the Thermo-Calc software and the simulation results of the DICTRA module. To clarify the influences of the heating rate on the austenitization kinetics and validate the simulation results, the austenitization processes of a Fe-1C-1.41Cr steel for different heating rates were studied with a series of dilatometric experiments. The good agreements between the cellular automata simulation results and the experimental results showed that the newly proposed cellular automata model is reasonable. The experimental results show an obvious change of the transition activity energies from the low to high heating rates. The transition from partitioning local equilibrium (PLE) to non-partitioning local equilibrium (NPLE) mechanisms was proved with DICTRA simulations. Basing on the simulation results, the influences of the pearlite lamellae orientation on the austenitization kinetics and the topological aspects of austenite grains were evaluated. In addition, the topological aspects of the rapidly austenitized grains were also compared to the normal grains.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/6/2131austenitizationheating ratecoupling diffusionpearlite lamellae orientation3D cellular automata simulation |
spellingShingle | Zhiqiang Li Shengyang Zhang Yang He Guangjie Xiong Yude Liu Fuyong Su Prediction of the Non-Isothermal Austenitization Kinetics of Fe-C-Cr Low Alloy Steels with Lamellar Pearlite Microstructure Materials austenitization heating rate coupling diffusion pearlite lamellae orientation 3D cellular automata simulation |
title | Prediction of the Non-Isothermal Austenitization Kinetics of Fe-C-Cr Low Alloy Steels with Lamellar Pearlite Microstructure |
title_full | Prediction of the Non-Isothermal Austenitization Kinetics of Fe-C-Cr Low Alloy Steels with Lamellar Pearlite Microstructure |
title_fullStr | Prediction of the Non-Isothermal Austenitization Kinetics of Fe-C-Cr Low Alloy Steels with Lamellar Pearlite Microstructure |
title_full_unstemmed | Prediction of the Non-Isothermal Austenitization Kinetics of Fe-C-Cr Low Alloy Steels with Lamellar Pearlite Microstructure |
title_short | Prediction of the Non-Isothermal Austenitization Kinetics of Fe-C-Cr Low Alloy Steels with Lamellar Pearlite Microstructure |
title_sort | prediction of the non isothermal austenitization kinetics of fe c cr low alloy steels with lamellar pearlite microstructure |
topic | austenitization heating rate coupling diffusion pearlite lamellae orientation 3D cellular automata simulation |
url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/6/2131 |
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