Using dimensionality-reduction techniques to understand the organization of psychotic symptoms in persistent psychotic illness and first episode psychosis
Abstract Psychotic disorders are highly heterogeneous. Understanding relationships between symptoms will be relevant to their underlying pathophysiology. We apply dimensionality-reduction methods across two unique samples to characterize the patterns of symptom organization. We analyzed publicly-ava...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-31909-w |
| _version_ | 1797859954948833280 |
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| author | Leah M. Fleming Ann Catherine Lemonde David Benrimoh James M. Gold Jane R. Taylor Ashok Malla Ridha Joober Srividya N. Iyer Martin Lepage Jai Shah Philip R. Corlett |
| author_facet | Leah M. Fleming Ann Catherine Lemonde David Benrimoh James M. Gold Jane R. Taylor Ashok Malla Ridha Joober Srividya N. Iyer Martin Lepage Jai Shah Philip R. Corlett |
| author_sort | Leah M. Fleming |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Psychotic disorders are highly heterogeneous. Understanding relationships between symptoms will be relevant to their underlying pathophysiology. We apply dimensionality-reduction methods across two unique samples to characterize the patterns of symptom organization. We analyzed publicly-available data from 153 participants diagnosed with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder (fBIRN Data Repository and the Consortium for Neuropsychiatric Phenomics), as well as 636 first-episode psychosis (FEP) participants from the Prevention and Early Intervention Program for Psychosis (PEPP-Montreal). In all participants, the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS) and Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) were collected. Multidimensional scaling (MDS) combined with cluster analysis was applied to SAPS and SANS scores across these two groups of participants. MDS revealed relationships between items of SAPS and SANS. Our application of cluster analysis to these results identified: 1 cluster of disorganization symptoms, 2 clusters of hallucinations/delusions, and 2 SANS clusters (asocial and apathy, speech and affect). Those reality distortion items which were furthest from auditory hallucinations had very weak to no relationship with hallucination severity. Despite being at an earlier stage of illness, symptoms in FEP presentations were similarly organized. While hallucinations and delusions commonly co-occur, we found that their specific themes and content sometimes travel together and sometimes do not. This has important implications, not only for treatment, but also for research—particularly efforts to understand the neurocomputational and pathophysiological mechanism underlying delusions and hallucinations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T21:39:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-69fc18706558466e94d69c6b1f5690e1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T21:39:00Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-69fc18706558466e94d69c6b1f5690e12023-03-26T11:08:50ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222023-03-0113111210.1038/s41598-023-31909-wUsing dimensionality-reduction techniques to understand the organization of psychotic symptoms in persistent psychotic illness and first episode psychosisLeah M. Fleming0Ann Catherine Lemonde1David Benrimoh2James M. Gold3Jane R. Taylor4Ashok Malla5Ridha Joober6Srividya N. Iyer7Martin Lepage8Jai Shah9Philip R. Corlett10Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of MedicineDepartment of Psychiatry, McGill University MontrealDepartment of Psychiatry, McGill University MontrealMaryland Psychiatric Research Center, University of Maryland School of MedicineDepartment of Psychiatry, Yale University School of MedicineDepartment of Psychiatry, McGill University MontrealDepartment of Psychiatry, McGill University MontrealDepartment of Psychiatry, McGill University MontrealDepartment of Psychiatry, McGill University MontrealDepartment of Psychiatry, McGill University MontrealDepartment of Psychiatry, Yale University School of MedicineAbstract Psychotic disorders are highly heterogeneous. Understanding relationships between symptoms will be relevant to their underlying pathophysiology. We apply dimensionality-reduction methods across two unique samples to characterize the patterns of symptom organization. We analyzed publicly-available data from 153 participants diagnosed with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder (fBIRN Data Repository and the Consortium for Neuropsychiatric Phenomics), as well as 636 first-episode psychosis (FEP) participants from the Prevention and Early Intervention Program for Psychosis (PEPP-Montreal). In all participants, the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS) and Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) were collected. Multidimensional scaling (MDS) combined with cluster analysis was applied to SAPS and SANS scores across these two groups of participants. MDS revealed relationships between items of SAPS and SANS. Our application of cluster analysis to these results identified: 1 cluster of disorganization symptoms, 2 clusters of hallucinations/delusions, and 2 SANS clusters (asocial and apathy, speech and affect). Those reality distortion items which were furthest from auditory hallucinations had very weak to no relationship with hallucination severity. Despite being at an earlier stage of illness, symptoms in FEP presentations were similarly organized. While hallucinations and delusions commonly co-occur, we found that their specific themes and content sometimes travel together and sometimes do not. This has important implications, not only for treatment, but also for research—particularly efforts to understand the neurocomputational and pathophysiological mechanism underlying delusions and hallucinations.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-31909-w |
| spellingShingle | Leah M. Fleming Ann Catherine Lemonde David Benrimoh James M. Gold Jane R. Taylor Ashok Malla Ridha Joober Srividya N. Iyer Martin Lepage Jai Shah Philip R. Corlett Using dimensionality-reduction techniques to understand the organization of psychotic symptoms in persistent psychotic illness and first episode psychosis Scientific Reports |
| title | Using dimensionality-reduction techniques to understand the organization of psychotic symptoms in persistent psychotic illness and first episode psychosis |
| title_full | Using dimensionality-reduction techniques to understand the organization of psychotic symptoms in persistent psychotic illness and first episode psychosis |
| title_fullStr | Using dimensionality-reduction techniques to understand the organization of psychotic symptoms in persistent psychotic illness and first episode psychosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Using dimensionality-reduction techniques to understand the organization of psychotic symptoms in persistent psychotic illness and first episode psychosis |
| title_short | Using dimensionality-reduction techniques to understand the organization of psychotic symptoms in persistent psychotic illness and first episode psychosis |
| title_sort | using dimensionality reduction techniques to understand the organization of psychotic symptoms in persistent psychotic illness and first episode psychosis |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-31909-w |
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