Turmeric Bioactive Compounds Alleviate Spinal Nerve Ligation-Induced Neuropathic Pain by Suppressing Glial Activation and Improving Mitochondrial Function in Spinal Cord and Amygdala
This study examined the effects of turmeric bioactive compounds, curcumin C3 complex® (CUR) and bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC), on mechanical hypersensitivity and the gene expression of markers for glial activation, mitochondrial function, and oxidative stress in the spinal cord and amygdala of rats wi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/20/4403 |
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| author | Julianna M. Santos Rui Wang Viren Bhakta Zarek Driver Yakhnitsa Vadim Takaki Kiritoshi Guangchen Ji Volker Neugebauer Chwan-Li Shen |
| author_facet | Julianna M. Santos Rui Wang Viren Bhakta Zarek Driver Yakhnitsa Vadim Takaki Kiritoshi Guangchen Ji Volker Neugebauer Chwan-Li Shen |
| author_sort | Julianna M. Santos |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study examined the effects of turmeric bioactive compounds, curcumin C3 complex® (CUR) and bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC), on mechanical hypersensitivity and the gene expression of markers for glial activation, mitochondrial function, and oxidative stress in the spinal cord and amygdala of rats with neuropathic pain (NP). Twenty-four animals were randomly assigned to four groups: sham, spinal nerve ligation (SNL, an NP model), SNL+100 mg CUR/kg BW p.o., and SNL+50 mg BDMC/kg BW p.o. for 4 weeks. Mechanical hypersensitivity was assessed by the von Frey test (VFT) weekly. The lumbosacral section of the spinal cord and the right amygdala (central nucleus) were collected to determine the mRNA expression of genes (IBA-1, CD11b, GFAP, MFN1, DRP1, FIS1, PGC1α, PINK, Complex I, TLR4, and SOD1) utilizing qRT-PCR. Increased mechanical hypersensitivity and increased gene expression of markers for microglial activation (IBA-1 in the amygdala and CD11b in the spinal cord), astrocyte activation (GFAP in the spinal cord), mitochondrial dysfunction (PGC1α in the amygdala), and oxidative stress (TLR4 in the spinal cord and amygdala) were found in untreated SNL rats. Oral administration of CUR and BDMC significantly decreased mechanical hypersensitivity. CUR decreased CD11b and GFAP gene expression in the spinal cord. BDMC decreased IBA-1 in the spinal cord and amygdala as well as CD11b and GFAP in the spinal cord. Both CUR and BDMC reduced PGC1α gene expression in the amygdala, PINK1 gene expression in the spinal cord, and TLR4 in the spinal cord and amygdala, while they increased Complex I and SOD1 gene expression in the spinal cord. CUR and BDMC administration decreased mechanical hypersensitivity in NP by mitigating glial activation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:59:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6b4dd1601ad14255b1531fa92b017548 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:59:38Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-6b4dd1601ad14255b1531fa92b0175482023-11-19T17:38:18ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432023-10-011520440310.3390/nu15204403Turmeric Bioactive Compounds Alleviate Spinal Nerve Ligation-Induced Neuropathic Pain by Suppressing Glial Activation and Improving Mitochondrial Function in Spinal Cord and AmygdalaJulianna M. Santos0Rui Wang1Viren Bhakta2Zarek Driver3Yakhnitsa Vadim4Takaki Kiritoshi5Guangchen Ji6Volker Neugebauer7Chwan-Li Shen8Department of Pathology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USADepartment of Pathology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USADepartment of Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USADepartment of Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USADepartment of Pharmacology and Neurosciences, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USADepartment of Pharmacology and Neurosciences, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USADepartment of Pharmacology and Neurosciences, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USADepartment of Pharmacology and Neurosciences, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USADepartment of Pathology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USAThis study examined the effects of turmeric bioactive compounds, curcumin C3 complex® (CUR) and bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC), on mechanical hypersensitivity and the gene expression of markers for glial activation, mitochondrial function, and oxidative stress in the spinal cord and amygdala of rats with neuropathic pain (NP). Twenty-four animals were randomly assigned to four groups: sham, spinal nerve ligation (SNL, an NP model), SNL+100 mg CUR/kg BW p.o., and SNL+50 mg BDMC/kg BW p.o. for 4 weeks. Mechanical hypersensitivity was assessed by the von Frey test (VFT) weekly. The lumbosacral section of the spinal cord and the right amygdala (central nucleus) were collected to determine the mRNA expression of genes (IBA-1, CD11b, GFAP, MFN1, DRP1, FIS1, PGC1α, PINK, Complex I, TLR4, and SOD1) utilizing qRT-PCR. Increased mechanical hypersensitivity and increased gene expression of markers for microglial activation (IBA-1 in the amygdala and CD11b in the spinal cord), astrocyte activation (GFAP in the spinal cord), mitochondrial dysfunction (PGC1α in the amygdala), and oxidative stress (TLR4 in the spinal cord and amygdala) were found in untreated SNL rats. Oral administration of CUR and BDMC significantly decreased mechanical hypersensitivity. CUR decreased CD11b and GFAP gene expression in the spinal cord. BDMC decreased IBA-1 in the spinal cord and amygdala as well as CD11b and GFAP in the spinal cord. Both CUR and BDMC reduced PGC1α gene expression in the amygdala, PINK1 gene expression in the spinal cord, and TLR4 in the spinal cord and amygdala, while they increased Complex I and SOD1 gene expression in the spinal cord. CUR and BDMC administration decreased mechanical hypersensitivity in NP by mitigating glial activation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/20/4403curcuminpainneuroinflammationbrainanimal |
| spellingShingle | Julianna M. Santos Rui Wang Viren Bhakta Zarek Driver Yakhnitsa Vadim Takaki Kiritoshi Guangchen Ji Volker Neugebauer Chwan-Li Shen Turmeric Bioactive Compounds Alleviate Spinal Nerve Ligation-Induced Neuropathic Pain by Suppressing Glial Activation and Improving Mitochondrial Function in Spinal Cord and Amygdala Nutrients curcumin pain neuroinflammation brain animal |
| title | Turmeric Bioactive Compounds Alleviate Spinal Nerve Ligation-Induced Neuropathic Pain by Suppressing Glial Activation and Improving Mitochondrial Function in Spinal Cord and Amygdala |
| title_full | Turmeric Bioactive Compounds Alleviate Spinal Nerve Ligation-Induced Neuropathic Pain by Suppressing Glial Activation and Improving Mitochondrial Function in Spinal Cord and Amygdala |
| title_fullStr | Turmeric Bioactive Compounds Alleviate Spinal Nerve Ligation-Induced Neuropathic Pain by Suppressing Glial Activation and Improving Mitochondrial Function in Spinal Cord and Amygdala |
| title_full_unstemmed | Turmeric Bioactive Compounds Alleviate Spinal Nerve Ligation-Induced Neuropathic Pain by Suppressing Glial Activation and Improving Mitochondrial Function in Spinal Cord and Amygdala |
| title_short | Turmeric Bioactive Compounds Alleviate Spinal Nerve Ligation-Induced Neuropathic Pain by Suppressing Glial Activation and Improving Mitochondrial Function in Spinal Cord and Amygdala |
| title_sort | turmeric bioactive compounds alleviate spinal nerve ligation induced neuropathic pain by suppressing glial activation and improving mitochondrial function in spinal cord and amygdala |
| topic | curcumin pain neuroinflammation brain animal |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/20/4403 |
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