Immunology in COPD and the use of combustible cigarettes and heated tobacco products
Abstract Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most common chronic respiratory diseases, characterised by high morbidity and mortality. COPD is characterised by a progressive decline of lung function caused by chronic inflammatory reactions in the lung tissue due to continual ex...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2023-10-01
|
| Series: | European Journal of Medical Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-023-01374-2 |