Brain–Barrier Regulation, Metal (Cu, Fe) Dyshomeostasis, and Neurodegenerative Disorders in Man and Animals
The neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimers, Parkinsons, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntingtons) and the prion disorders, have in common a dysregulation of metalloprotein chemistry involving redox metals (Cu, Fe, Mn). The consequent oxidative stress is associated with protein plaques and neuronal...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-08-01
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| Series: | Inorganics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6740/7/9/108 |
| _version_ | 1828858999767826432 |
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| author | Susan Haywood |
| author_facet | Susan Haywood |
| author_sort | Susan Haywood |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimers, Parkinsons, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntingtons) and the prion disorders, have in common a dysregulation of metalloprotein chemistry involving redox metals (Cu, Fe, Mn). The consequent oxidative stress is associated with protein plaques and neuronal cell death. An equilibrium exists between the functional requirement of the brain for Cu and Fe and their destructive potential with the production of reactive oxygen species. The importance of the brain barrier is highlighted in regulating the import of these metals. Upregulation of key transporters occurs in fetal and neonatal life when brain metal requirement is high, and is downregulated in adult life when need is minimal. North Ronaldsay sheep are introduced as an animal model in which a neonatal mode of CTR1 upregulation persists into adulthood and leads to the premise that metal regulation may return to this default setting in ageing, with implications for the neurodegenerative diseases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T02:07:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6fbc87a33ecb4f3f916436a0c60ea9af |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2304-6740 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T02:07:49Z |
| publishDate | 2019-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Inorganics |
| spelling | doaj.art-6fbc87a33ecb4f3f916436a0c60ea9af2022-12-22T00:03:04ZengMDPI AGInorganics2304-67402019-08-017910810.3390/inorganics7090108inorganics7090108Brain–Barrier Regulation, Metal (Cu, Fe) Dyshomeostasis, and Neurodegenerative Disorders in Man and AnimalsSusan Haywood0Institute of Infection and Global Health, School of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, ic2 Science Park, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L3 5RF, UKThe neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimers, Parkinsons, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntingtons) and the prion disorders, have in common a dysregulation of metalloprotein chemistry involving redox metals (Cu, Fe, Mn). The consequent oxidative stress is associated with protein plaques and neuronal cell death. An equilibrium exists between the functional requirement of the brain for Cu and Fe and their destructive potential with the production of reactive oxygen species. The importance of the brain barrier is highlighted in regulating the import of these metals. Upregulation of key transporters occurs in fetal and neonatal life when brain metal requirement is high, and is downregulated in adult life when need is minimal. North Ronaldsay sheep are introduced as an animal model in which a neonatal mode of CTR1 upregulation persists into adulthood and leads to the premise that metal regulation may return to this default setting in ageing, with implications for the neurodegenerative diseases.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6740/7/9/108blood–brain barriercopper/iron homeostasisneurodegenerative (AlzheimersParkinsonsprion) diseaseNorth Ronaldsay sheep |
| spellingShingle | Susan Haywood Brain–Barrier Regulation, Metal (Cu, Fe) Dyshomeostasis, and Neurodegenerative Disorders in Man and Animals Inorganics blood–brain barrier copper/iron homeostasis neurodegenerative (Alzheimers Parkinsons prion) disease North Ronaldsay sheep |
| title | Brain–Barrier Regulation, Metal (Cu, Fe) Dyshomeostasis, and Neurodegenerative Disorders in Man and Animals |
| title_full | Brain–Barrier Regulation, Metal (Cu, Fe) Dyshomeostasis, and Neurodegenerative Disorders in Man and Animals |
| title_fullStr | Brain–Barrier Regulation, Metal (Cu, Fe) Dyshomeostasis, and Neurodegenerative Disorders in Man and Animals |
| title_full_unstemmed | Brain–Barrier Regulation, Metal (Cu, Fe) Dyshomeostasis, and Neurodegenerative Disorders in Man and Animals |
| title_short | Brain–Barrier Regulation, Metal (Cu, Fe) Dyshomeostasis, and Neurodegenerative Disorders in Man and Animals |
| title_sort | brain barrier regulation metal cu fe dyshomeostasis and neurodegenerative disorders in man and animals |
| topic | blood–brain barrier copper/iron homeostasis neurodegenerative (Alzheimers Parkinsons prion) disease North Ronaldsay sheep |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6740/7/9/108 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT susanhaywood brainbarrierregulationmetalcufedyshomeostasisandneurodegenerativedisordersinmanandanimals |