Virtual Reality for Decreasing Procedural Pain during Botulinum Toxin Injection Related to Spasticity Treatment in Adults: A Pilot Study
Background and Objectives: Botulinum toxin injections are commonly used for the treatment of spasticity. However, injection procedures are associated with pain and procedural anxiety. While pharmacological approaches are commonly used to reduce these, innovative technology might be considered as a p...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Medicina |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/60/1/23 |
| _version_ | 1797342998227320832 |
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| author | Romain David Alexis Dumas Etienne Ojardias Solène Duval Amine Ounajim Anaïck Perrochon Carlos Luque-Moreno Maarten Moens Lisa Goudman Philippe Rigoard Maxime Billot |
| author_facet | Romain David Alexis Dumas Etienne Ojardias Solène Duval Amine Ounajim Anaïck Perrochon Carlos Luque-Moreno Maarten Moens Lisa Goudman Philippe Rigoard Maxime Billot |
| author_sort | Romain David |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background and Objectives: Botulinum toxin injections are commonly used for the treatment of spasticity. However, injection procedures are associated with pain and procedural anxiety. While pharmacological approaches are commonly used to reduce these, innovative technology might be considered as a potential non-pharmacological alternative. Given this context, immersive virtual reality (VR) has shown effectiveness in the management of procedural pain. Our retrospective pilot study aimed to assess the potential added value of virtual reality in the management of pain and anxiety during intramuscular injections of botulinum toxin. Materials and Methods: Seventeen adult patients receiving botulinum toxin injections were included. A numerical rating scale was used to assess pain and anxiety during the injection procedure. The patients reported the pain experienced during previous injections without VR before injection and the pain experienced in the current procedure with VR after the end of the procedure. The level of satisfaction of VR experience, whether or not they agreed to reuse VR for the subsequent toxin botulinum injection, and whether or not they would recommend VR to other patients were assessed. Results: The use of virtual reality led to a decrease of 1.8 pain-related points compared to the procedure without technology. No significant improvement in the level of anxiety was reported. Patients were very satisfied with their VR experiences (7.9 out of 10), and many would agree to reuse VR in their next injection procedure (88%) and to recommend the use of VR in other patients (100%). Conclusion: VR was useful for managing procedural pain related to botulinum toxin injection in adults, with a high level of satisfaction reported by the patients. VR should be considered as a valuable alternative to pharmacological approaches to manage procedural pain during botulinum toxin injection in adults. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T10:41:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-70456a8ca3fd4101a77b6999f5908edc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1010-660X 1648-9144 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T10:41:18Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Medicina |
| spelling | doaj.art-70456a8ca3fd4101a77b6999f5908edc2024-01-26T17:34:53ZengMDPI AGMedicina1010-660X1648-91442023-12-016012310.3390/medicina60010023Virtual Reality for Decreasing Procedural Pain during Botulinum Toxin Injection Related to Spasticity Treatment in Adults: A Pilot StudyRomain David0Alexis Dumas1Etienne Ojardias2Solène Duval3Amine Ounajim4Anaïck Perrochon5Carlos Luque-Moreno6Maarten Moens7Lisa Goudman8Philippe Rigoard9Maxime Billot10PRISMATICS Lab (Predictive Research in Spine/Neuromodulation Management and Thoracic Innovation/Cardiac Surgery), Poitiers University Hospital, 86000 Poitiers, FrancePhysical and Rehabilitation Medicine Unit, Poitiers University Hospital, University of Poitiers, 86000 Poitiers, FrancePhysical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, 42270 Saint-Etienne, FrancePhysical and Rehabilitation Medicine Unit, Poitiers University Hospital, University of Poitiers, 86000 Poitiers, FrancePRISMATICS Lab (Predictive Research in Spine/Neuromodulation Management and Thoracic Innovation/Cardiac Surgery), Poitiers University Hospital, 86000 Poitiers, FranceHAVAE, UR20217, University of Limoges, F-87000 Limoges, FranceInstituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Seville, SpainDepartment of Neurosurgery, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, BelgiumDepartment of Neurosurgery, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, BelgiumPRISMATICS Lab (Predictive Research in Spine/Neuromodulation Management and Thoracic Innovation/Cardiac Surgery), Poitiers University Hospital, 86000 Poitiers, FrancePRISMATICS Lab (Predictive Research in Spine/Neuromodulation Management and Thoracic Innovation/Cardiac Surgery), Poitiers University Hospital, 86000 Poitiers, FranceBackground and Objectives: Botulinum toxin injections are commonly used for the treatment of spasticity. However, injection procedures are associated with pain and procedural anxiety. While pharmacological approaches are commonly used to reduce these, innovative technology might be considered as a potential non-pharmacological alternative. Given this context, immersive virtual reality (VR) has shown effectiveness in the management of procedural pain. Our retrospective pilot study aimed to assess the potential added value of virtual reality in the management of pain and anxiety during intramuscular injections of botulinum toxin. Materials and Methods: Seventeen adult patients receiving botulinum toxin injections were included. A numerical rating scale was used to assess pain and anxiety during the injection procedure. The patients reported the pain experienced during previous injections without VR before injection and the pain experienced in the current procedure with VR after the end of the procedure. The level of satisfaction of VR experience, whether or not they agreed to reuse VR for the subsequent toxin botulinum injection, and whether or not they would recommend VR to other patients were assessed. Results: The use of virtual reality led to a decrease of 1.8 pain-related points compared to the procedure without technology. No significant improvement in the level of anxiety was reported. Patients were very satisfied with their VR experiences (7.9 out of 10), and many would agree to reuse VR in their next injection procedure (88%) and to recommend the use of VR in other patients (100%). Conclusion: VR was useful for managing procedural pain related to botulinum toxin injection in adults, with a high level of satisfaction reported by the patients. VR should be considered as a valuable alternative to pharmacological approaches to manage procedural pain during botulinum toxin injection in adults.https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/60/1/23central nervous system diseasecomplementary therapiesvirtual realitypainanxiety |
| spellingShingle | Romain David Alexis Dumas Etienne Ojardias Solène Duval Amine Ounajim Anaïck Perrochon Carlos Luque-Moreno Maarten Moens Lisa Goudman Philippe Rigoard Maxime Billot Virtual Reality for Decreasing Procedural Pain during Botulinum Toxin Injection Related to Spasticity Treatment in Adults: A Pilot Study Medicina central nervous system disease complementary therapies virtual reality pain anxiety |
| title | Virtual Reality for Decreasing Procedural Pain during Botulinum Toxin Injection Related to Spasticity Treatment in Adults: A Pilot Study |
| title_full | Virtual Reality for Decreasing Procedural Pain during Botulinum Toxin Injection Related to Spasticity Treatment in Adults: A Pilot Study |
| title_fullStr | Virtual Reality for Decreasing Procedural Pain during Botulinum Toxin Injection Related to Spasticity Treatment in Adults: A Pilot Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Virtual Reality for Decreasing Procedural Pain during Botulinum Toxin Injection Related to Spasticity Treatment in Adults: A Pilot Study |
| title_short | Virtual Reality for Decreasing Procedural Pain during Botulinum Toxin Injection Related to Spasticity Treatment in Adults: A Pilot Study |
| title_sort | virtual reality for decreasing procedural pain during botulinum toxin injection related to spasticity treatment in adults a pilot study |
| topic | central nervous system disease complementary therapies virtual reality pain anxiety |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/60/1/23 |
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