Ginger Essential Oil as an Active Addition to Composite Chitosan Films: Development and Characterization
The recent interest in food biopackaging is showing an increasing trend, especially in the development of antimicrobial coatings and films. The focus of this study is to assess the potential application of ginger (<i>Zingiber officinale)</i> essential oil (GEO) to polysaccharide films ba...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Gels |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2310-2861/8/6/327 |
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| author | Sawsan Ali Al-Hilifi Rawdah Mahmood Al-Ali Anka Trajkovska Petkoska |
| author_facet | Sawsan Ali Al-Hilifi Rawdah Mahmood Al-Ali Anka Trajkovska Petkoska |
| author_sort | Sawsan Ali Al-Hilifi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The recent interest in food biopackaging is showing an increasing trend, especially in the development of antimicrobial coatings and films. The focus of this study is to assess the potential application of ginger (<i>Zingiber officinale)</i> essential oil (GEO) to polysaccharide films based on chitosan (CHf) and their utilization as an active edible packaging. The films were characterized by different instrumental techniques, and data indicated significant differences (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the chemical composition of the samples. Forty-seven active compounds from ginger rhizomes were identified in the examined essential oil by gas chromatography mass spectrometer (GC-MS). Fourier transforms infrared spectra (FT-IR) confirmed an interaction between the hydroxyl groups of the phenolic compounds of the essential oil and the amine groups of the bioactive matrix, as shown by the peaks at wavenumbers 1639 cm<sup>−1</sup> and 1558 cm<sup>−1</sup>. X-ray diffraction data suggested a lower crystallinity in the CHf due to the addition of GEO. Differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) analysis revealed that the CHf possessed high thermal stability, especially when different concentrations of GEO were added. The bioactive CHf showed distinct activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, such as <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>, <i>Streptococcus</i> sp., <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Salmonella</i> sp., and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, thus improving the antimicrobial activity to these films. The results provide a comprehensive insight into the importance of films with incorporated EOs as novel types of active food packaging. Antimicrobial food packaging is one of the most promising kinds of active packaging, and acts to reduce, inhibit, or retard any microorganism growth that could contaminate packaged food items. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:44:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-72bdddb873ae43e5891e048dbf06a4c7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2310-2861 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:44:48Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Gels |
| spelling | doaj.art-72bdddb873ae43e5891e048dbf06a4c72023-11-23T16:44:56ZengMDPI AGGels2310-28612022-05-018632710.3390/gels8060327Ginger Essential Oil as an Active Addition to Composite Chitosan Films: Development and CharacterizationSawsan Ali Al-Hilifi0Rawdah Mahmood Al-Ali1Anka Trajkovska Petkoska2Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Basrah 61014, IraqDepartment of Food Science, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Basrah 61014, IraqFaculty of Technology and Technical Social Sciences, St. Kliment Ohridski University-Bitola, Dimitar Vlahov, 1400 Veles, North MacedoniaThe recent interest in food biopackaging is showing an increasing trend, especially in the development of antimicrobial coatings and films. The focus of this study is to assess the potential application of ginger (<i>Zingiber officinale)</i> essential oil (GEO) to polysaccharide films based on chitosan (CHf) and their utilization as an active edible packaging. The films were characterized by different instrumental techniques, and data indicated significant differences (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the chemical composition of the samples. Forty-seven active compounds from ginger rhizomes were identified in the examined essential oil by gas chromatography mass spectrometer (GC-MS). Fourier transforms infrared spectra (FT-IR) confirmed an interaction between the hydroxyl groups of the phenolic compounds of the essential oil and the amine groups of the bioactive matrix, as shown by the peaks at wavenumbers 1639 cm<sup>−1</sup> and 1558 cm<sup>−1</sup>. X-ray diffraction data suggested a lower crystallinity in the CHf due to the addition of GEO. Differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) analysis revealed that the CHf possessed high thermal stability, especially when different concentrations of GEO were added. The bioactive CHf showed distinct activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, such as <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>, <i>Streptococcus</i> sp., <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Salmonella</i> sp., and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, thus improving the antimicrobial activity to these films. The results provide a comprehensive insight into the importance of films with incorporated EOs as novel types of active food packaging. Antimicrobial food packaging is one of the most promising kinds of active packaging, and acts to reduce, inhibit, or retard any microorganism growth that could contaminate packaged food items.https://www.mdpi.com/2310-2861/8/6/327antimicrobial packagingginger essential oilchitosan filmsbiodegradable materials |
| spellingShingle | Sawsan Ali Al-Hilifi Rawdah Mahmood Al-Ali Anka Trajkovska Petkoska Ginger Essential Oil as an Active Addition to Composite Chitosan Films: Development and Characterization Gels antimicrobial packaging ginger essential oil chitosan films biodegradable materials |
| title | Ginger Essential Oil as an Active Addition to Composite Chitosan Films: Development and Characterization |
| title_full | Ginger Essential Oil as an Active Addition to Composite Chitosan Films: Development and Characterization |
| title_fullStr | Ginger Essential Oil as an Active Addition to Composite Chitosan Films: Development and Characterization |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ginger Essential Oil as an Active Addition to Composite Chitosan Films: Development and Characterization |
| title_short | Ginger Essential Oil as an Active Addition to Composite Chitosan Films: Development and Characterization |
| title_sort | ginger essential oil as an active addition to composite chitosan films development and characterization |
| topic | antimicrobial packaging ginger essential oil chitosan films biodegradable materials |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2310-2861/8/6/327 |
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